00:03:01.480and highlight a few of the angles that we didn't have time to get into
00:03:04.800And also hear from some of you listeners on your thoughts on self-checkouts versus human checkouts.
00:03:10.700The thing that you just said about whether or not self-checkout is sort of tearing at the fabric of who we are as people, for whatever reason, I realized after doing some deep thought that I carry that as like a worldview.
00:03:24.740And it's a worldview that I carried completely unchallenged until doing this episode.
00:03:55.460And one of the other interesting things about this story is, like you said, it was just
00:03:58.860one story of a news roundup like kind of a throwaway but like it turned out that you and i both had
00:04:04.940pretty strong opinions about it and listeners did as well and i think this might be the segment
00:04:12.400that has received like the most listener feedback of anything that we've ever done on this show
00:04:20.000since launching it in 2020 which is surprising because it's such a i don't know i don't want
00:04:25.520to say a non-issue but like you know at the presidential debate stage they're not talking
00:04:29.980about self-checkout machines you know they should be maybe they should maybe they'd win some votes
00:04:35.320but maybe it's a dangerous issue i don't know but it's not like life or death right there's something
00:04:40.900sort of mundane about it but for some reason we all have a lot to say about it and i guess i've
00:04:47.260been thinking about why that is you know is it the universe and universality of it like every person
00:04:53.140can relate to. Everybody buys groceries. The question of which line do I get in is just one
00:04:57.600of a thousand tiny decisions that we have to make every day that is like sort of exhausting and like
00:05:03.160sort of low stakes, but also like choosing wrong could mean the difference of like 10 minutes of
00:05:09.580standing in line, which is like the worst thing that could possibly happen to a person when
00:05:12.760they're standing in line. So there's a lot here. I felt so strongly about this issue that I was
00:05:17.700willing to pull on my boots and go out into the snow at 6 p.m. just to prove you wrong about my
00:05:23.120my self-checkout feelings. And yeah, I completely agree with you. We've never gotten this
00:05:28.660level of passion feedback from folks of all the episodes that we've done. So let's get into some
00:05:34.160of these issues that we didn't have time for in that episode. So one big issue that I definitely
00:05:39.200want to start with is the fact that I didn't know this. Self-checkout aisles are not generally very
00:05:45.120accessible. I read a story about a woman who was visually impaired and she was trying to use the
00:05:50.080self-checkout, couldn't see the screen well enough to check out, asked for help from the clerk,
00:05:54.360and the clerk ended up just moving her to the human checkout line instead. And so it set up
00:05:59.320this system where shoppers with disabilities basically could not use this system at all,
00:06:04.400which became a lawsuit. The National Federation of the Blind sued Walmart, arguing the company
00:06:09.480had violated the Americans with Disabilities Act by excluding blind people from using the service
00:06:13.800in the way that it was intended, independently and privately. So a federal judge in Maryland
00:06:19.420did end up ruling in Walmart's favor. Walmart maintained that its self-checkout system is
00:06:24.060accessible because staff are trained to help. But if disabled customers have to ask for assistance,
00:06:29.240not only will the transaction likely take longer, they also lose the option to keep their purchases
00:06:33.740private. Privacy is a reason why someone might use self-checkout over a human checkout. So this
00:06:38.720benefit of self-checkout, being able to keep whatever you're buying private, is just not
00:06:43.860being offered to all shoppers equally. This I found so interesting. So the Food Institute spoke
00:06:49.300to Nikki Shaw, who is the U.S. operations manager at Storm Interface, a company that creates
00:06:54.380assistive technology products at Taco Bell and McDonald's. And Nikki said, having the option
00:06:59.840to check out independently is unfortunately not available to all customers because of inaccessible
00:07:04.280point of sale, which is like the machines that do the checking out. By denying some customers this
00:07:09.420option, what message is this retailer sending to those customers? I think that's such a good point.
00:07:14.800It just sounds like accessibility issues can be a big thing with self-checkout if not everybody can use them equally, which it sounds like is what's going on.
00:07:23.620Yeah, that is a good point we're thinking about.
00:07:26.680And, you know, I have to wonder if the companies who make these devices and systems were being more mindful of accessibility, would that lead to devices that work better for everyone, right?
00:07:40.900That's often something that is seen in, I know at least like software design, that when
00:07:46.720you really focus on making things accessible for a particular population that has specific
00:07:52.240needs, the benefits are much broader than those people.
00:07:56.080And you end up with a nicer, better functioning system for everyone.
00:08:34.540so we talked in that episode about how self-checkout might increase theft however we really didn't get
00:08:40.760into kind of my biggest concern around theft like retailer theft is not an issue that deep that i
00:08:48.520feel deeply strong about it doesn't like move me however when i was talking about theft i don't
00:08:53.200think we got into it one of the things i wanted to talk about is the potential risk to shoppers
00:08:58.480being accused of theft from using self-checkout even if they didn't actually steal anything or
00:09:03.760mis-scanned or forgot to scan something legitimately by mistake. So the reason why I want to bring this
00:09:11.440up, I'll say this, take this with a massive grain of salt because I did see it on TikTok and I wasn't
00:09:16.640able to confirm everything this TikToker said. However, I did see this TikTok from Carrie
00:09:23.420Jerrigan, who is a criminal defense attorney and a TikTok personality who warned that she doesn't
00:09:28.100think that anybody should use self-checkout because it is very easy to be accused of retail
00:09:32.000theft, even if you just made a mistake or didn't steal anything at all. Basically, she says that
00:09:37.880because people who are intentionally stealing from self-checkout are really good at it, like
00:09:42.400they've really sharp, like honed their tactics. And I guess it's difficult to catch at this point.
00:09:47.640Because of that, retailers have no sympathy for anybody who makes just like a common mistake
00:09:54.160with their self-checkout. Retailers are essentially focusing on people who maybe forgot to scan that
00:09:59.480big thing of Cokes that you put under the shopping cart or whatever, or people who legitimately
00:10:04.620didn't steal anything and then blaming those people for inventory loss. So this attorney says
00:10:09.900that retailers will later check their inventory. And if they come up short, they will go after
00:10:14.000people who made a legit transaction of that item. She says, so they will begin watching hours and
00:10:19.300hours of video to see the last person who checked out with the Mario Lego set because they're two
00:10:23.900Mario Lego sets short. And for some reason, they pinpoint that they think you did it.
00:10:28.500And because of who these big box stores are, they usually have to present very little evidence to get an affidavit for a warrant signed, the charges that could land you up to a year in jail get filed, and then you are fighting for your life, trying to determine what day you were at Walmart and what all you bought.
00:10:43.640I know that I immediately crumple my receipt up and put it in my pocket of my winter coat and then hang it up in storage forever.
00:10:51.860So if somebody ever was like, can you provide a receipt for what you bought at Walmart two
00:11:07.780And so that TikTok was probably the first time that I ever started thinking deeply about
00:11:14.180self-checkout and sort of like what it means.
00:11:17.520I don't have any data on this, but it wouldn't be a massive surprise to me to find that that kind of enforcement was not being equally applied.
00:11:27.060I would have no trouble believing that some people are being looked at a little bit harder when it comes to that kind of thing.
00:11:32.760I also should say, you know, in case folks don't know, like when you do check out with self-checkout, like you are being video recorded the entire time.
00:11:40.820So, you know, they definitely can pull back video footage.
00:11:43.800And I'm sure it probably wouldn't be hard for a Target or a Walmart to be like, oh, we think this person might have stolen something and then provide video evidence that doesn't really show anything to get that warrant signed.
00:11:56.000Yeah, I mean, I definitely assume when I'm in Target that I'm being like videotaped all the time, especially at self-checkout.
00:12:02.560I would be so shocked if they were to contact me like weeks or months after leaving.
00:14:54.480Every statement is an opportunity to get into it.
00:14:57.580Well, I agree with you on the surface, right? That like, yeah, people, you shouldn't just go into Target and expect to just walk out with stuff that you haven't paid for.
00:15:07.300Although like, do I really, am I really crying? Target has plenty of money. Am I really like crying tears for Target?
00:15:12.320Right. It's not, it's not like we're talking about that CVS in Columbia Heights.
00:15:16.220That's right. The CVS where everything's free.
00:15:19.500Yeah. Just take what you want. Everything's free.
00:15:21.180um but like i just think that efficiently checking out you do have to bring a level of awareness
00:15:31.180that i don't always have when i go into a target because i'm not thinking of going into work and
00:15:36.340so like if you're not if i i often when i shop i'm listening to music or podcasts in my headphones
00:15:41.680i'm not necessarily listening for the beep beep beep of every item it is conceivable that you
00:15:47.700could put something in your bag and not hear the beep. If you're like a new parent who hasn't had
00:15:53.000any sleep and you're distracted and your phone's going off and the kid is crying, like, I don't
00:15:58.220know that this is a widespread thing, but I do think there are scenarios where perhaps that is
00:16:03.620a burden that a consumer who is not at work should not have to shoulder when they go in to like pick
00:16:11.380up some items at Target. Particularly if that burden could wind up with you having legitimate
00:16:16.900legal trouble over it yeah these are two separate issues both worthy of debate and discussion you
00:16:23.280know is it ethical to ask shoppers to scan their own items and separately should people be
00:16:32.380prosecuted when they make legit mistakes seems like clearly the answer that second question is
00:16:36.900no oh yeah a thousand percent so do you remember andy rooney all the time every day i miss him so
00:16:44.660much. So for people who don't know who Andy Rooney is, God rest his soul. Andy Rooney used to be on
00:16:49.70060 Minutes. He had a segment that was literally just him complaining for 20 minutes. I will never
00:16:55.540forget a segment where he just walks around a grocery store and picks up fruits that he doesn't
00:17:00.360like and is like, cantaloupes, who needs them? And meanwhile, I'm riveted. I'm like, oh, this is
00:17:05.960great TV. But there is a piece in the Washington Post that could have been written by the spirit
00:17:12.080of Andy Rooney. It is like one of those style pieces called, Dear Grocery Store Owners, I Don't
00:17:17.900Work For You. The whole thing is snarky as hell, but this is the thing I wanted to sort of tease
00:17:22.220out. The piece reads, Dear Grocery Store Owners, have you seen me in the break room? No. There's
00:17:27.760a reason. I don't work for you. I don't want to work for you. I was bad at it as a middle schooler
00:17:32.180and I'm worse now. And then he goes on to say, A lot of stores position a receipt checker to see
00:17:38.140whether people actually paid for all the stuff they have. Wait a second, you set up this system.
00:17:43.240You made us do all of this. So now that we've slogged our way through our temp job with zero
00:17:47.620training, you're going to audit us? And I think that that kind of gets at something where nobody
00:17:53.460asked your average consumer whether or not this was a dynamic they wanted to do. I guess you have
00:17:58.220the choice when you get into the self-checkout line or the human line. Although at our target,
00:18:04.140oftentimes, if you go in there late at night, there is no human option. It's just self-checkout.
00:18:08.140You and I both know this to be true, no?
00:18:10.380I don't know what's going on with the human cashier lines at that target.
00:18:13.620They are a checkout option of last resort for me.
00:18:16.780So you're like, I would never, rarely am I dealing with the human line at that specific target.
00:20:04.420So let's talk about that because retail chains are investing a lot of money on like very serious, kind of creepy surveillance technology.
00:20:13.800And so it does seem to with it, if you have all of this technology to then be like, and then you have to go through this little indignity of showing me your receipt and opening your bag on top of it.
00:20:22.440It does seem a little much. So Walmart uses what internally they call the missed scan detection, which they say helps detect when an item lands in a shopping bag without being scanned.
00:20:33.280And so they're basically these AI-powered visual scanners and cameras that are at both the self-checkout register and the registers run by the store cashiers.
00:20:41.960There was at least at some point use of facial recognition technology in Walmart.
00:20:47.180In 2022, Walmart faced a lawsuit that was seeking class action status, alleging that Walmart violated Illinois' Biometric Privacy Act by improperly using cameras and advanced video surveillance systems, as well as software and databases provided by the facial recognition company Clearview AI.
00:21:05.440So Walmart's spokesperson says that they were just testing out facial recognition technology, that they weren't actually like rolling it out in the stores.
00:21:13.380But it does sound like all parties agree that this facial recognition technology was being used.
00:21:19.020We've already done so many episodes on why that technology is janky, faulty, racist, sexist.
00:21:24.100Like, it just don't work, really, is what it is.
00:21:26.240And so if that's the technology that you're kind of counting on or flirting with to deter theft, it really presents a whole host of issues because it's really just not really reliable.
00:21:38.900Yeah, facial recognition, as we've talked about in a bunch of episodes, is like bad news reinforces a lot of bad disparities, certainly in this context when it's, you know, one step away from somebody being charged with a crime.
00:21:55.660Yeah, and, you know, the point that it's a lot of money invested in these systems, yeah, can't argue with that.
00:22:03.200And that's sort of one of my questions slash theories is that it just sounds like a lot of investment in surveillance technology. And I feel like if this is the level of surveillance technology that you need to make self-checkout work, then there is a problem.
00:22:20.460So first of all, logistically, I cannot imagine that the costs of investing in that kind of technology apparatus is not being passed down to the consumer in some way. I don't have any inside knowledge of that. I have to assume that's the case.
00:22:34.300You know how it's now becoming clear how much retailers lied about retail theft and how much
00:22:41.400it was hurting their stores? And I think that they did that to justify really cracking down
00:22:46.460on surveillance, really making the shopping experience worse for consumers and being like,
00:22:51.740well, it's not our fault, it's crime. I wonder if there's some aspect of that going on here.
00:22:56.200Part of me wonders if, for whatever reason, Walmart really wants to be investing in this
00:23:02.000kind of surveillance technology. And they're using self-checkout as a way to justify that.
00:23:08.760It's like, oh, well, we have self-checkout now. That increases theft. Ergo, we have to have this
00:23:13.840very involved surveillance technology in all of our stores. I just wonder because it's such a huge
00:23:21.960investment in very serious surveillance technology that I don't know how it makes sense to have it
00:23:26.620otherwise. Yeah, that's a really interesting thought. We were doing some research for this
00:23:33.240follow-up episode here. One of the things I came across was somebody who had worked in software
00:23:42.080building a bunch of this type of surveillance stuff that grocery stores, big box retailers
00:23:50.200could use to have like scanners and ai trackers following people around in the store to try to
00:23:58.820like reduce theft and they made the exact same point this was a person who had built those
00:24:03.600technologies who said that like all of them didn't work were janky and were extremely expensive and
00:24:10.560not justified by uh the cost like not according to them it was not even close so the idea that
00:24:17.320the reason retailers are pushing for this stuff is to justify increased surveillance. We see
00:24:23.240examples all the time of people in positions of power making decisions that cost them money
00:24:30.800just so they can like maintain control, right? Like just last week, we were talking about
00:24:35.800Anna Wintour shuttering Pitchfork, even though it was profitable, because there was like rumblings
00:40:50.760It is the little things that I think people feel the most strongly and passionately about.
00:40:55.940So if folks are listening, if you're like, oh, here's another little tech thing that we should talk about in society that we all deal with.
00:45:05.080First of all, Phil, keep emailing me because you can write an email.
00:45:09.420The way that this was so eloquently laid out and bulleted, this is the kind of email that I really appreciate. Please keep emailing me. Phil's email kind of gets at that tension that I feel, right? That it does feel like, for whatever reason, self-checkout is indicative of some kind of a fraying of a social fabric.
00:45:28.320That, you know, like one of the concepts I was reading about when I was preparing for this episode is this concept of a frictionless society, that it's automatically better if you're not having to deal with the friction that sometimes comes with navigating another human, that you order your groceries online and do curbside pickup.
00:45:46.380You order Uber Eats and they leave it at your door. You don't even have to like talk to them.
00:45:50.840And questioning the assumption that this is actually a better, more cohesive society,
00:45:55.320because the point of being in a society is navigating other humans. And sometimes we don't
00:45:59.060like it, but like that society, I think that Phil's email really, really gets at the tension
00:46:04.700that I feel around that of like, well, is this better? Is a society where I'm dealing with
00:46:09.840humans and navigating the intricacies of that daily, is that automatically a better society
00:46:15.740or a more efficient society yeah i think phil definitely has a very dystopian view of like the
00:46:22.100impact of these machines like we're all deep in the sub-basement of metropolis glumly scanning
00:46:27.600our items they are good questions and it's if nothing else this is useful for us to like step
00:46:33.180back and think about like what does it mean to be connected to familiar strangers in our community
00:46:40.260and forced transactions in the checkout lane with the cashier,
00:48:20.880And I think this also re-emphasizes the connection between how the workers are treated and the
00:48:29.600customer experience that people get to have when they go to this store, right?
00:48:33.680Like we talked about that Dutch store where, because it's in the Netherlands, you know, there is a social safety net, uh, they're providing a really good experience for the customers and the management is not trying to nickel and dime every like minute and action of the employee's time.
00:48:51.480Uh, instead they're allowing the employees to like, and not just allowing, but encouraging and facilitating the employees to spend some time like caring for the customers.
00:49:01.700Costco is another company that treats its workers pretty well. And then at the other end of the spectrum, we have like Dollar General, which is notorious for treating its workers about as bad as you can legally treat a person.
00:49:14.480And they were just like all in for the self-checkout where they would have, you know, one or two people in the store managing the entire store, all aspects of the operations from like managing to stocking the shelves, receiving deliveries, to mopping the floors, to fixing the self-checkout machines when they invariably like need to be cleared.
00:49:35.080Yeah, I do think there is definitely some connection between how the, like, I mean, it's just decisions being made at the corporate level trickling down to the experience that us, both as humans who are shopping and humans who are checking people out, are having.
00:52:02.780I think it's impersonal, frustrating, and job-stealing.
00:52:05.340When I lived in Boston, the stop and shop near me had these wands you could take with you as you shopped and bagged your groceries in your cart.
00:52:12.900I didn't mind those, and the technology seemed more reliable than the typical self-checkout.
00:52:16.940You paid a cashier, but you didn't have to put your groceries on a belt.
00:52:20.460Occasionally, they would randomly flag you for a spot check of your items, I guess to prevent theft.
00:52:24.860After they scanned a few items, you were on your way.
00:52:27.400I actually liked that system way better than self-checkout.
00:52:30.580Susan goes on to thank us for the episode about Claudine Gay.
00:52:35.400She brings up some really good points about that, that it's not a coincidence that all of the Ivy League college presidents called to testify before Congress were women.
00:52:43.420It's not a coincidence that two of the three women are now gone from their leadership roles.
00:52:47.540It's not a coincidence that the prime target for the far-rights campaign was a highly qualified black woman.0.98
00:52:52.160There are so many mediocre white men0.98
00:55:54.300I did not even think about the repetitive motion of scanning out people's items and
00:56:01.160what that might do to someone's body. And so the alternative of being like, well, you don't have
00:56:06.840to take time off and make no money. You can do the self-checkout, which is a lot less physically
00:56:11.520demanding on you. I didn't even think about that as a potential reason why self-checkout might be
00:56:17.680better in retail establishments. And so I'm really thankful for that perspective. Also,
00:56:23.020I didn't think about this either, but it makes so much sense that people who have issues with
00:56:28.240self-checkout complaining to the retail cashier who like she's like oh well i actually made the
00:56:33.740decision to put that to put that in the store thanks for letting me know i'll take it out like
00:56:37.440what do people think that like that's how the decisions get made like even if you have issues
00:56:42.180with self-checkout like i do you don't need like complaining to the retail cashier who has who did
00:56:47.360not make the decision to put that there is not the proper way to do that complain on your podcast
00:56:52.240people yeah and and not just complaining to this cashier who sounds like didn't really want to hear
00:56:58.000but also framing it as like and i'm complaining because i really care about protecting your job
00:57:03.900like get over yourself you don't care about this person's job if you cared you would like
00:57:09.080say something nice to them or like tell a joke uh not just like complain at them about how you
00:57:15.120are inconvenienced i'm complaining at you for your benefit don't you see this yeah and also like it
00:57:21.480just i mean it also kind of goes back to the conversation about retail establishments and
00:57:26.740loneliness like it just confirms to me that putting the burden on retail cashiers to stave
00:57:32.400off the loneliness epidemic when emily is saying that the people the kind of experiences people
00:57:37.440are having working at the front end like this are not really that great and that people are rude and
00:57:43.100people you know maybe it's not something that people would want would have a lot of warm
00:57:47.420fuzzies about yeah that that aspect really like stuck with me i've been thinking about that a lot
00:57:53.080Since we did that episode and read these emails, how, you know, I personally feel like I've, you know, the experience of living in a city during 2020 when COVID disrupted all of our lives and we were like trapped inside, it really like changed a lot of things that certainly changed me.
00:58:13.580And so one part, one thing after this conversation is I've just been thinking about how has it changed me, right?
00:58:19.660Like maybe I should go through the cash, the like human cashier line a little bit more often.