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00:31:21.040and we're back so as ever i mean ann was pregnant through all of this like just assume
00:31:30.000until her husband dies she is constantly pregnant because she was um so in the midst of all this
00:31:34.940drama with her and her sister she gave birth to another son who only lived for a few minutes
00:31:39.040sadly william was still there though she still had one son so after this latest child death
00:31:43.800mary headed off to the other castle and so you think like was she gonna go and make amends with
00:31:48.080her sister was she gonna like help grieve with her over this child death um of course not what1.00
00:31:53.380happened is mary stomped into anne's room being like oh stop being friends with sarah i hate you0.99
00:31:57.980and then anne was like well i hate you too and then she moved to another different castle even
00:32:02.160further away and she never saw her sister again because mary died two years later of smallpox and
00:32:08.540these were two women who could hold a grudge so mary is now dead which means william becomes the
00:32:14.960solo king on his own because he was the co-monarch and kind of her heir. So his heirs at this point
00:32:21.420were Anne's son, baby William. And Anne was kind of the next heir, I guess, until William had his
00:32:29.080own other baby William had his own son. So the king, King William, decided to try and smooth
00:32:33.740over the relationship between him and Anne because basically that's all he had vis-a-vis heirs. So he
00:32:39.500gave back all the possessions and titles that Mary had previously removed from her. He allowed0.93
00:32:43.620of people to talk to her again and invited her to come back and live in the main palace he even
00:32:48.300gave ann all of mary's jewels and then restored sarah and her husband to their former positions
00:32:52.800so everything was doing great on one way but health-wise ann was doing not so well so her
00:33:00.14017th 17th pregnancy ended in a miscarriage at around this time um and all for other health
00:33:07.440various health problems became even worse um so doctors back then had different methodologies
00:33:13.220and diagnoses than we do now. But based on her symptoms, it seems like Anne likely had a pretty
00:33:19.920bad combination of arthritis, gout, and other things, including the aftereffects of being
00:33:24.900pregnant 17 times. Increasingly frequently, she had trouble walking. So she sometimes used a chair
00:33:30.200with wheels on it because wheelchairs hadn't been invented yet. She sometimes had people carry her0.91
00:33:35.060around in chairs without wheels on them. So she's living with chronic pain, presumably psychological
00:33:41.920issues based on like literally her whole life so far. And then her son, William, died aged 11.
00:33:48.920I'm not sure of what. I'm going to guess smallpox, but some sort of health-based issue.
00:33:55.960His date of death was July 30th, and Anne decreed that every year on July 30th, everybody in the
00:34:01.100household that lived with her were to mark that day as a day of mourning. And what this meant with
00:34:06.460his death was that anne is literally the only remaining heir to king william so parliament was0.89
00:34:12.900pretty frantic at this point but the issue of who would be heir after all these childless people
00:34:17.440not only because they're like a woman inheriting like that's we don't love that idea but also like0.55
00:34:23.480what if the next person in line was catholic or something like if anne inherited like it's not
00:34:28.820their top choice but also like she didn't have any surviving children so who would inherit after her
00:34:33.120so it's like a two-pronged two-stage inheritance crisis um so they unfurled the family tree
00:34:39.500crossed off everybody who was catholic and looked to see who was left like 50 names were removed
00:34:45.800from the line of succession which meant that a very distant relation um who was a protestant
00:34:52.340woman named sophia elector of hanover went from 51st in line to first in line who is sophia
00:34:59.540Elector of Hanover? I'm glad you asked. She was the granddaughter of James I, who was Mary Queen
00:35:06.240of Scots' son. So James I had a daughter named, who was Elizabeth of Bohemia, and then Sophia
00:35:14.280was a descendant of her. So she was the great-granddaughter of Mary Queen of Scots,
00:35:20.600and the great-great-granddaughter of Henry VIII's older sister, Margaret Tudor. But what mattered
00:35:26.880most to everybody like and she's a woman and they're like as long as he's protestant even being
00:35:31.740a woman is okay and so an act was written up saying that she was the next heir after anne and
00:35:38.600then her protestant descendants after her but first things first so william died in 1702 which
00:35:45.880may mean meant that queen anne anne became queen anne she was at this point 37 years old and doing
00:35:51.980poorly health-wise to the extent that she had to be carried down the aisle of Westminster Abbey in
00:35:57.140a chair as she couldn't walk for her coronation. But to make it all dramatic, someone, probably
00:36:03.120Sarah Churchill, arranged for a low back to be put on the chair so Anne's long train could unfurl
00:36:08.040dramatically behind her down the aisle, which sounds amazing. Among her first acts as queen
00:36:12.860was to give a bunch of important titles to her husband George, as well as to Sarah and to Sarah's
00:36:17.660husband. And this is basically where the movie The Favorite begins. So Anne, now the queen,
00:36:25.020was beyond devoted to her best friend Sarah Churchill to the point that everyone around them
00:36:28.740was like, this is weird. Why is Sarah Churchill so important to this woman? Anne did things like
00:36:35.940she gave Sarah her own palace and did basically everything nice for her. And Sarah was sort of
00:36:42.460mean to her sometimes. And it was seemingly a sort of toxic scenario where Anne sort of like
00:36:48.060indulged her and the Sarah was sort of mean back to her. And again, like you can see this all in
00:36:52.140the favorite, the film. And then into this codependent scenario arrived a new courtier
00:36:57.060named Abigail Hill. And this is the role played by Emma Stone in the movie. And Anne liked her
00:37:02.800a lot. And they became secret friends because she knew that Sarah didn't want her to be friends
00:37:07.900with anybody else. Sarah didn't even know that they were friends until Abigail got married to
00:37:12.840a man named Baron Masham, making her now Abigail Baroness Masham, and Anne was a guest at the
00:37:18.260wedding. So Sarah found out that Anne and Abigail were close enough that Anne got a wedding invitation
00:37:23.120and Sarah Churchill freaked out in like rage, jealousy. So there were special rooms at Kensington
00:37:29.400Palace reserved for Sarah when she came to stay there to visit her friend, the Queen. But since
00:37:34.460Sarah spent most of her time off in her own personal castle and let Abigail move into Sarah's0.86
00:37:39.800rooms. And then Sarah freaked out when she found out about that. And then everything just gets0.65
00:37:43.960wild. So Sarah showed up at court with a very like raunchy poem all about how the queen was
00:37:51.120in a sexual relationship with Abigail. Sarah didn't write the poem. She had like commissioned
00:37:55.900it from a poet. And so she had this poem that she had written. And then she went to the queen like,
00:38:01.620oh my god look someone wrote this poem but you and abigail spending time with her is ruining
00:38:05.500your reputations you should stop being friends with her you should be friends with me instead
00:38:08.620and anne was like can't i have two friends but secretly anne seemed to enjoy having sarah and
00:38:13.920abigail fighting over her again the movie the favorite goes through the stuff and a lot of this
00:38:18.700drama was a very sort of etiquette battle sort of thing like one of sarah's jobs is picking out
00:38:25.160which jewels the queen would wear each day and one day the queen chose to wear different jewels0.96
00:38:29.520from the ones Sarah had chosen and then Sarah freaked out because not wearing the jewels she'd0.91
00:38:34.000chosen was like the etiquette version of being punched in the face so Sarah who clearly had
00:38:38.940quite a temper that she was not afraid of demonstrating literally yelled at the queen0.98
00:38:42.720in public to shut up which is like you're not allowed to do that that's kind of treason but
00:38:49.280nobody stopped her and Anne didn't punish her so it's all just sort of like a that's that's the
00:38:54.180culture that's going on and so to add to all of this just like wild sequence of events um anne's
00:39:01.300husband suddenly died again i'm guessing smallpox and was super upset about this obviously they've
00:39:07.360been husband for decades um they've been through a lot together as a couple such as 17 pregnancies
00:39:13.840and all the child death she'd always had a portrait of her husband george hanging in her room and one
00:39:18.660day she went into her room and it was gone and sarah was like yeah that was me i took down the
00:39:22.640portrait because I thought it would make you sad and you shouldn't look at it. And then Anne was
00:39:26.640like, put it back. And Sarah was like, make me. And Anne was like, I'm the queen. And Sarah was
00:39:32.060like, me, me, me. And then they just sort of had this huge fight. And that's the sort of stuff
00:39:36.740that was going on. Eventually, Anne wrote a letter to Sarah's husband, like, can you please tell your
00:39:40.120wife to stop being mean to me and stop yelling at me and stop stealing paintings of my dead husband?
00:39:44.720And Sarah's husband was like, what's going on, Sarah? And so Sarah went to have a face-to-face
00:39:49.360with Anne, which happened on April 6th, 1710, and they had a friend breakup. These two were now
00:39:55.520officially estranged, and say what you will about Queen Anne I, but when she decided to end a
00:40:01.480relationship with somebody, she just like, she did. She wouldn't. No looking back. So meanwhile,
00:40:08.520back in France, Anne's father, the former king, James, was hanging out with his wife, Mary of
00:40:13.260Modena, their son, baby James, and they had another child who they named Louisa Maria Teresa.
00:40:19.360So by now, Baby James, who is now an adult, had been brought up being told that he was actually the rightful king of England and he believed it.
00:40:27.340And he kind of was the rightful king of England because William and Mary sort of like took over.
00:40:34.740Anyway, so James, the younger, formerly Baby James, and his supporters were called the Jacobites.
00:40:42.200And they decided to sail over to Scotland and begin the work of taking the country back and making it Catholic.
00:40:47.420they had some secret allies who he thought would help but Anne had spies of her own who intercepted
00:40:53.380James and chased him away but then Sarah Churchill a woman who could seriously carry a grudge was0.67
00:40:58.760spreading the story that Anne secretly wanted her half-brother James to become the heir instead of0.90
00:41:04.260Sophia Elector of Hanover and just like how it was impossible for her father to prove that his child
00:41:10.020wasn't secretly switcherooed Anne found it impossible to convince anyone that this gossip
00:41:14.860wasn't true because when people don't like you they can't really be convinced that mean rumors
00:41:18.840about you aren't true throughout all of this like this is all just like personal life stuff and
00:41:25.040that's what i tend to be most interested in and what i tend to talk about on the podcast but bear
00:41:29.600in mind anne was also being the queen so she sat in more cabinet meetings than any previous english
00:41:35.420monarch had ever done and also more than most of the later monarchs did she was interested in what
00:41:40.720was going on in parliament and did lots of important political stuff that other people
00:41:44.100have written about i'm just here to tell you the juicy gossip bits but i'll put some some1.00
00:41:48.700recommended reading in the show notes for this if you want to read about her uh political side of1.00
00:41:54.720her life um even though ann's health concerns were becoming more and more exacerbated like she became0.99
00:42:01.160basically a bedridden invalid um she before like she could walk but she sometimes needed a wheelchair0.88
00:42:07.820instead now she like couldn't even walk anymore she would wheel herself in her chair with wheels
00:42:12.480or have people carry her into parliament where she attended like all nighter meetings to go over
00:42:17.360important government business and then on july 30th 1714 which is the anniversary the 14th
00:42:24.360anniversary of the death of her son william the date that she always had everyone commemorate
00:42:28.820as a day of mourning anne had a stroke that left her unable to speak and then she passed away on
00:42:48.380She was laid to rest next to her husband, George,
00:42:50.540as well as the remains of many of her stillborn and infant children,
00:42:54.240as well as her son, William, who died aged 11.
00:42:58.760And Sophia, a lector of Hanover, who had been her heir,
00:43:01.940actually died just a few months before,
00:43:03.600which meant that Anne's heir was Sophia's son, who became King George I. And we'll talk about
00:43:09.720that another time. Oh, he was the one who was the king during Mary Toft, giving birth to rabbits0.96
00:43:16.220scenario, if you want to just like match these Jenga pieces up in your mind. But the story doesn't
00:43:22.160end here because Sarah Churchill was not willing to let go of her grudge, even though Anne was dead.0.90
00:43:27.580So Sarah lived for 30 more years after Anne had died and later published a memoir that basically trashed Anne as being a simpleton slash idiot and spilled lots of like, quote unquote, secrets that may or may not have been true.
00:43:41.560But because everyone knew how close Sarah had been to the Queen, her word was taken as truth, and this affected Queen Anne's reputation for centuries to come.0.69
00:43:50.180Because conveniently, Sarah's description of Anne as this kind of useless and overly emotional woman fell neatly into that patriarchal stereotype of women being unsuited for leadership roles, which may also be why her story was accepted so readily.
00:44:03.840but the third point of the the favorites sort of love triangle abigail masham left royal court
00:44:12.220after anne's death and lived out the rest of her life in private so sarah churchill is the only
00:44:16.680one who's just like clinging onto this whole thing and although anne's reign was relatively
00:44:21.160short i don't know it was 12 years which is shorter than some longer than others she was
00:44:27.900the sitting monarch during a number of hugely important political events such as england and
00:44:32.020scotland uniting into europe's then largest free trade area she oversaw numerous successful battles
00:44:38.200like she wasn't on the battlefield but a king wouldn't have been either actually sarah churchill's
00:44:43.700husband lord marlborough led a lot of these battles but she was the queen while these battles happened
00:44:47.960especially a lot of sea battles she was a noted patron of the arts and literature and was the
00:44:52.940namesake for the well-known queen anne style of architecture and furniture um the timing of her
00:44:58.280reign coincided with a time of a whole lot of colonization by english people in eastern north
00:45:04.260america so a bunch of places were named after her including the american city of annapolis
00:45:08.980the nova scotian annapolis royal and annapolis valley and fort anne as well as princess anne
00:45:15.040street in fredericksburg virginia and queen square in bloomsbury london so it's time to go
00:45:22.840through a scandalous scale for queen anne and this is an interesting one like in terms of like
00:45:27.660women leaders and the men who whined about them like there was her reputation suffered a lot
00:45:32.560and a lot of that was because of how sarah churchill whined about it frankly and it's
00:45:38.620interesting too because of the whole religious the whole catholic versus protestant thing
00:45:42.520that she was a woman which was not a lot of people's first choice but she was protestant
00:45:48.620and that was preferred to a catholic same with sophia of hanover but we're going to go into the
00:45:55.680scandalicious scale here and the first category is scandaliciousness and i think queen anne gets1.00
00:46:03.860a 10 for scandaliciousness just because she was super into um gossip the whole thing where she1.00
00:46:10.560like went to the spa on purpose potentially pretending to have had a miscarriage just so0.89
00:46:14.760she could like continue to spread rumors about her half-brother maybe having been switched at
00:46:20.440birth um the whole i mean the sarah churchill screaming at her in front of other people
00:46:25.980sarah churchill showing up with the like lesbian poems like just the whole the court at this time1.00
00:46:32.580seemed to have been quite scandalous and that was a lot of her you know what i'm gonna give her like0.64
00:46:37.460an maybe not 10 maybe like an 8 an 8 for scandalousness because there's like a lot of0.98
00:46:43.560juicy gossip type stuff going on but in terms of like comparing her to other people that we've done
00:46:47.780on the show there has there's not like a there's no murder moment you know there's not that one
00:46:53.060major scandal that really tips everything over but just her life she lived her life in a
00:46:57.060scandalous sort of way that i respect scheminess um i'm gonna give her a nine for scheminess i1.00
00:47:03.940think because while we don't know a lot of the schemes that she got up to like the ones that0.87
00:47:09.060we do know about like again like spreading rumors about her half-brother being maybe
00:47:12.920switched up earth the whole thing with like the fact that she knew that her sister was going to
00:47:18.080invade and she didn't tell anybody um the way that she snuck away in the middle of the night
00:47:21.740to keep sarah churchill from being fired like her scheminess is good and then also because we looked
00:47:26.880at other people this way in terms of like how they ruled how they led like she they had a lot0.99
00:47:32.140she oversaw a lot of successful military campaigns which is sort of scheminess her significance0.99
00:47:38.840is a tricky one because well she for a long time was seen as quite insignificant she was queen for
00:47:47.50012 years and during those 12 years a lot of stuff happened that was um helpful to england such as
00:47:55.500the beginnings of great britain happening um a lot of military victories a lot of places were named
00:48:00.720after her um so it's sort of like she was significant in a way like annapolis is like a
00:48:06.500a lot of people have heard about even if people don't know who she was to the point when the movie
00:48:10.420the favorite came out everybody started googling who is she and read my essay i'm gonna say
00:48:16.0806.5 6.5 for significance and the final category is the sexism bonus and this is interesting0.99
00:48:26.280to consider because on the one hand if she had been um in a situation where women were more0.99
00:48:33.100respected um like she would have just been the heir and her father maybe wouldn't have gotten
00:48:38.060married there wouldn't have been the whole jacobite rebellion and stuff but it's interesting
00:48:41.680in a way like that her gender didn't super get in her way like she became the heir because there
00:48:47.780was no one else to be the heir after william and mary and then she had i mean 17 pregnancies um
00:48:56.440like a lot of health problems like a lot of and that was all related to her biology and stuff
00:49:02.260if she hadn't been pregnant all those many times maybe she wouldn't have had health problems
00:49:06.480i don't know i mean i can't give her less than a five for sexism but honestly and intriguingly i
00:49:13.120don't think that was really one of the big challenges they got in her way so let me just
00:49:17.480add this up we have 28.5 so where does that land her um next week when i do the finale for the
00:49:28.560season i'm gonna post kind of all the scores so everybody else can see them because i always find
00:49:32.780it interesting to see i always say and i mean it very genuinely like i'm not putting these women
00:49:37.260against each other to say like who's cooler than the other who's better than the other but just
00:49:41.080i'm scoring on four different things and where does everybody fall when you score them in this
00:49:45.780way but 28.5 puts her in fifth place overall like in terms of scores she is shockingly 0.5
00:49:55.040above cleopatra and so she's just below elizabeth bathory who has a 29 i feel like they sort of have
00:50:01.940some some similarities there i'll post this whole list next week i think because it is interesting
00:50:06.920to see where everybody goes but frankly um and maybe it's because this season we've been doing
00:50:11.220women leaders which inherently means they're i guess more significant but the top three right0.83
00:50:17.180now so agrippina the younger has 31 empress matilda has 30 juana the first of castile is 30 and then
00:50:24.020those are all from this season elizabeth bathory from season one is at 29 and then queen anne is
00:50:30.140fifth place at 28.5 with cleopatra and lucy hay tied just below her at 28 anyway that is queen anne
00:50:38.320of great britain there are a bunch of books okay sorry there's not a bunch of books there's literally
00:50:43.180like two books um there's a book called queen anne the politics of passion by anne somerset
00:50:49.100which gets into i think it's a great title the politics of passion because her her emotional
00:50:55.280like her relationships with people are so it's such a significant part of her she also had a lot
00:50:59.680of as they describe it here in the description of the book um personal misfortune just the death
00:51:05.660that constantly surrounded her um just a lot of the health problems she had so yeah if she had
00:51:11.000been i don't know i'm reconsidering like if she had been a man king with similar problems like i
00:51:16.140don't think anyone would be like oh my god this poor man he had 17 pregnancies well i mean chances
00:51:22.060are he wouldn't but like people don't look at her husband and saying like oh this poor man
00:51:25.700his he fathered 17 failed pregnancies so no she's really judged harshly it's not like
00:51:32.640it's like she was judged harshly in her time she's judged harshly in retrospect by people who say
00:51:39.220like oh you know she was a woman she was emotional she had these like relationships with people she
00:51:44.780all these pregnancy health problems in a way that men wouldn't be judged but to the point that it
00:51:50.520sort of supersedes her what she actually did as a monarch which was lots of impressive stuff seeing
00:51:56.760england through a pretty rocky time so there's that book queen anne the politics of passion by
00:52:01.420anne somerset and there's also a book called um the favorite colon the life of sarah churchill
00:52:07.480and the history behind the major motion picture so this is about sarah churchill slash anne is
00:52:13.760another book um and i'll put all the links to that in the show notes i don't know is this is
00:52:19.600i don't know i've never done this before but i think i'm gonna bump up her sexism bonus a little
00:52:23.620bit because in her time she didn't face a lot of it but like afterwards she did i gave her a seven
00:52:29.500for sexism and i feel like i'm gonna give her an eight for sexism which yes is going to increase
00:52:36.220her score now she's at 29.5 because she i don't know everybody did it's not a contest um but the
00:52:44.560people who are up here are she faced i don't know i feel i feel good about that just talking it
00:52:50.300through so now she's fourth place agrippina the younger 31 empress matilda 30 juana the first of
00:52:56.580castile at 30 queen anne the first 29.5 elizabeth bathry 29 these are all women on this list who
00:53:04.540faced they all face sexism anyway that's kind of the theme of what we're looking at anyway this is
00:53:10.920the vulgar history podcast my name is ann foster i'm just going to run through um the things that
00:53:16.980i always say at the end just like little reminders for you for instance um if you want to find some
00:53:23.460books to read some i think they're all historical non-fiction books um the ones that i recommend
00:53:30.940the ones that i've been using for researching this podcast and other projects i'm working on
00:53:34.380are all listed on my bookshop.org page so if you go to bookshop.org
00:53:39.940slash lists slash vulgar history recommends with dashes between vulgar history recommends
00:53:45.660you can find a list of these books about queen anne as well as other books about other women we've
00:53:49.860been talking about and other books about just non-fiction books that i recommend bookshop.org
00:53:54.180is a fantastic site um the money from there goes towards independent bookstores who need
00:53:59.100so much support right now in this pandemic era um so i'm supporting them in this little way
00:54:06.760that i can the link to that will be in the show notes as well i've got my little merch store so
00:54:11.720if you go to teespring.com slash stores slash vulgar history you can find t-shirts tote bags
00:54:18.260mugs all different sorts of items that are all celebrating commemorating the women who we've
00:54:23.540been looking at during this season um i've got one like a an item for each of the different women
00:54:29.420so if there's somebody who's your fave there's somebody who you want to represent um i just put
00:54:33.260out the juana of castile stuff which is just a portrait of her and it says like la reina like
00:54:39.220the queen um it's pretty great the thing about the merch store is that i basically want to buy
00:54:44.040everything from it for myself but maybe you'll like some of the stuff as well um and again that's
00:54:47.800teespring there'll be an item there when this episode drops um for queen anne as well because
00:54:54.060she's someone who is very much worth celebrating i think um if you're going to support me slash
00:55:00.460this podcast my patreon is patreon.com slash anne foster writer the original essay that i wrote
00:55:06.160about queen anne um which again because of this film and people seeing it and no one knowing who
00:55:11.060she was i had it did amazing things for my website this film just people googling who is this person