00:05:02.200I'm glad that she didn't die through the complications of like blood infections from all the stuff that's going on with her.
00:05:09.340Anyway, I was going to say like, enjoy this episode, but like, here, I present this episode, Mary Toft.
00:05:21.900Hello and welcome to Vulgar History. My name is Anne Foster and this is my feminist women's0.98
00:05:28.020history comedy podcast. And you might notice an improvement or maybe just like a change or
00:05:33.480difference in the audio quality. And that is, I watched a tutorial on how to use my microphone
00:05:38.220And I think I'm talking to the correct part of it now. So hopefully you're able to hear me a bit
00:05:43.400better because this is a one woman operation and I'm figuring this out as I go along. So welcome0.99
00:05:49.900to the podcast. This is the fifth episode of the podcast and the first one since I've been iTunes
00:05:56.580official. So welcome to all the new fans who came to me from iTunes and, you know, shout out to all
00:06:02.600the fans who've been there since day one as I figure out what the hell I'm doing. So this is
00:06:07.600a podcast where I look at the stories of women from history, and then we score them at the end
00:06:12.260based on the four categories, which are scandalousness, scheminess, significance.
00:06:18.680And then we give them a bonus for how much sexism might have impacted the things that
00:06:23.360happened to them. It's a fun ride. Welcome aboard. So the first episodes that we've done of the show,
00:06:29.560the first four episodes, we did one royal, two noble women, and one woman with connections
00:06:37.560to royalty. So in terms of women's history, and the women's history that we're looking at on this
00:06:45.040podcast so far, similar to what I have personally studied, is that of European, Western European
00:06:53.060women. As per the quote by Laurel Thatcher Ulrich that inspired this season,
00:06:59.400well-behaved women seldom make history. And I dive into that in some previous episodes. So if0.99
00:07:05.080you've caught up to that, awesome. Or if not, briefly, basically what she was talking about
00:07:10.060in an essay when she said that instantly iconic phrase is basically the only time that women pop0.98
00:07:17.960up in records are when perhaps when they get married, because there would be often documentation0.92
00:07:24.880about that when they died, maybe when they had children, even when they were royal, sometimes
00:07:29.380you don't get all of those things. And even then you might not get anything more than that. The
00:07:35.180only women who you hear more about are people who, I guess, for lack of a better term, misbehaved.0.99
00:07:41.680So people who somehow stepped outside of the status quo and what was expected of them in0.98
00:07:45.960society. And that's who we know about. And there were so many, I'm sure, amazing, cool women who
00:07:51.020were well-behaved and we just don't know what they were up to. And that sucks. And hopefully
00:07:55.920we can look at their stories somehow once time travel is invented and we can go back and learn
00:08:00.960their stories. But until then, the ones that I'm personally choosing to look at for this podcast
00:08:05.780are the women who, especially for the season, quote unquote, misbehaved. And so we've looked
00:08:10.880at people with connections to the nobility, to the royalty. And today's topic is a woman
00:08:16.860who had no connections to either. She was an absolutely standard issue, peasant woman.1.00
00:08:25.420And what happened in her life is why we know about her. And this is so messed up.0.99
00:08:31.660here we go so we're looking at the story of mary toft who i'll give a little content warning just
00:08:41.420because we're going to get into this is vulgar history in the name of the topic of the of the
00:08:46.620show you see that i'm going to maybe say some some vulgar things i might have a swear word here then
00:08:51.940um all the podcasts so far that i've uploaded actually i've had to put the explicit filter on
00:08:56.960So this is like, prepare yourselves. But also today, we're going to be like, not shying away
00:09:01.460from the gynecological details of some absolutely horrific stuff that involved vis-a-vis dead animal0.99
00:09:08.760parts inside of her vagina. So just content warning, that's not for everybody. And we're0.92
00:09:14.740going to be talking about that a lot for the next like, meh, 45 minutes. So here we go.
00:09:20.040The story begins with the parents, whose names are Jane and John Denyer. They were
00:09:25.880so when we say like working class like or even high class or lower class like basically
00:09:32.420this is the year 1703 is when mary was born and so it was a sort of situation where you've got
00:09:38.980sort of like your nobility your aristocracy you've got your royals and then you've kind of got
00:09:44.420like really poor people like homeless level people and then you've kind of got like the working poor
00:09:51.280and that's kind of what they were more than like working class I'd say they were like the working
00:09:55.960poor so John and Jane Denyer they had five children overall all together and their oldest was a girl
00:10:03.540named Mary so she was born Mary Denyer and she was baptized February 21st 1703 and like a lot of
00:10:13.100people not just women not just working poor people but just like anyone in general even like royals
00:10:20.640people whose every action you'd think would be written down. Like no, no one really knows much
00:10:24.700about what she got up to because no one really wrote down a lot of what anyone was getting up
00:10:28.300to because everyone was too busy working the fields, et cetera. But when she was 17 years old,
00:10:33.560Mary Denyer married a man or a boy. She was 17 and her husband was 18 year old Joshua Toft.
00:10:40.420And so this is young to be married even then, even though there's sort of this
00:10:46.200sort of misconception slash myth that people got married when they were like 12 or whatever back
00:10:52.340then. And I mean, like, yeah, patrols happened between rich people. But for a 17 year old girl
00:10:57.620to marry an 18 year old boy, probably either they were in love, or she was pregnant, or one or the
00:11:05.260other, or both. So basically, they got married in the year 1720. And Joshua Toft's family becomes
00:11:13.040important. So we're going to dive a little bit into who they were and what that whole situation
00:11:17.660was. So Joshua Toft was the sixth of 12 children and his family, the Tofts, were better off than
00:11:27.100Mary's family, the Deniers. So they had been working for several centuries, like literally0.85
00:11:32.380hundreds of years as clothiers. And this is the sort of thing like we're seeing these days with
00:11:38.380people talking about like, you know, agriculture industry or like coal mining or things where it's
00:11:43.020Like this was a thing of family occupation business that people did for a really, really long time, but then sort of industrial change and times change and the weather and whatever makes it less tenable as a career choice.
00:11:56.540And so for them, their choice of being clothiers was not doing super well by the year 1720, which is when Joshua married his friend Mary.
00:12:05.900So a clothier, in this sense, basically means somebody who is in charge of sort of a fabric slash clothing making organization. So the clothier would be people, the head bosses, they would sort of employ people who would shear the sheep, they would employ the people that would like turn that into wool, they would hire the people who made that wool into fabric, like it's a whole sort of fashion empire situation.
00:12:32.960but basically the tofts had been they had sort of made their fortune and their reputation through
00:12:38.960the successful clothiary business but by 1720 they were sort of more on the shearing sheep
00:12:45.560level of work than the like overseeing an entire company level but they still
00:12:49.480called themselves clothiers on census documents so that's still kind of how they presented
00:12:55.280themselves so like the toft family had a good pedigree but they weren't especially
00:13:01.320financially well off. And especially Joshua being the sixth of 12 children, there wasn't a lot of
00:13:08.360money for him personally to inherit or to have. Though he himself worked in the family clothier
00:13:15.820business as well. So Mary and Joshua's first child was a daughter named Mary, which is just a thing
00:13:23.780that people used to do that I wouldn't mind seeing come back again, which is that daughters were given
00:13:29.480the same names as their mothers. I think it's cute. So Mary Toft had a daughter, also called
00:13:34.860Mary Toft, who was born sometime around when they were married, probably around 17, let's say 21.
00:13:41.900And then in 1723, Mary gave birth to a second child, a daughter whose name was Anne. Amazing
00:13:47.140name. I'm also in favor of people being called Anne. But this Anne unfortunately died of smallpox,
00:13:52.460aged around four months, which is awful. And then the next year, they had a son whose name was
00:13:59.680James. So it's 1724. Mary has been married for four years. So she's 21 years old, mother of three.
00:14:08.580She and James were renting a home from a farmer. And as this is like not a weird arrangement,
00:14:15.280this is just like what was up. So they rented a home from a farmer. And as a condition of living
00:14:20.880there they worked for the farmer in his fields so this meant that during her three pregnancies
00:14:29.240and then also like postpartum like just after having had the babies she would be not just
00:14:36.440working the fields but also basically walking commuting to the fields and it was basically
00:14:41.560something like a two-hour walk there two-hour walk back the work was very physical work and
00:14:47.600that was just what the situation of her life was. So Mary worked in the fields more than her husband
00:14:53.360did because he also had to dedicate some of his time to being a clothier. He was a journeyman
00:15:00.720clothier, which is like one step up of an apprentice, I think. So he was sort of like
00:15:06.360on this career path, but there weren't very many jobs for clothiers. So he was basically a poorly
00:15:12.240paid laborer slash working on the farmland of the place where they were renting slash his wife was
00:15:18.980also working on that same farmland. And that is what is going on in their lives. So just to set
00:15:25.460the scene. So by the time they were both 25 years old, they were the parents of two small children,
00:15:32.060one of whom had recently just died. They're both working physically demanding low paying jobs in
00:15:37.360a community where the Tofts used to be wealthy, but now weren't anymore. And Mary was pregnant
00:15:43.680again. So as far as they knew, there's going to be one more mouth to feed. Any minute now,0.95
00:15:49.400more money would be fantastic and also less backbreaking work and also her getting to put
00:15:55.860her feet up, but that's not going to happen. So in August 1726, so again, Mary is 25 years old.
00:16:05.980yes, 25-ish years old, she has a miscarriage. So this story, as I mentioned at the beginning
00:16:13.360in the content warning, has a lot of gynecological information involved in it. And a lot of it is0.60
00:16:20.460self-reported gynecological information from Mary Toft, who was a woman living in the early
00:16:26.2401700s, which was a time when even the doctors didn't know what was going on
00:16:31.780in terms of a uterus a cervix so she's just sort of like saying here's what it felt like to me
00:16:38.400so what she later described this miscarriage as was she described passing an object as big as her
00:16:44.500arm and then experiencing a flooding quote-unquote that lasted about a week so we can assume some
00:16:52.680cramps were happening we can assume bleeding was happening the other women who she worked with in0.88
00:16:58.680the fields likely would have covered for her because she couldn't do this whole job she was1.00
00:17:03.920doing. She couldn't commute there. But what was unusual to her and others about this was that0.96
00:17:10.100her miscarriage didn't look like a baby. It looked like an object. And they all thought it looked
00:17:18.820quote unquote monstrous. So Mary Tuft went back to work as soon as she could. But then three weeks
00:17:27.100later, while she was working in the field, she experienced further flooding. This is the word
00:17:31.960that she used herself to describe what's happening. So I'm guessing bleeding, cramping situations and
00:17:36.940great pain. So this was some sort of, it was like a two part miscarriage situation, perhaps. And
00:17:45.500this is where I'm just going to say that I, off the record, consulted with a woman who I know who
00:17:51.240is a obstetrician slash gynecologist just to say like here's what Mary Toft was saying what do you
00:17:58.460think this was and so she said again totally just like you know in those magazine articles where
00:18:04.100it's like the body language expert is like oh here's what this means when this person put her
00:18:09.300arm like this in the picture it's like this person didn't actually is not the psychologist of these
00:18:13.680people so the woman who I consulted I just gave her here's Mary Toft's recounting what do you
00:18:18.600think this was. And so what she suggested, based on sort of the description of the miscarriage
00:18:24.360and what it looked like, the miscarriage situation, might have been an incomplete
00:18:30.240molar pregnancy, M-O-L-A-R. So this is what happens when a non-viable fertilized egg implants
00:18:37.020in the uterus. So totally unpleasant, awful, traumatizing thing to happen to her.
00:18:42.300but at this point her in-laws the Toft family thought like well what if this was a monster
00:18:49.800and then we could get rich by saying Mary Toft just gave birth to a monster this is quite a turn
00:18:57.200in events so we'll just take a step back to be like why why would anyone ever think that
00:19:05.540and how would that make them rich? And the answer to that is basically freak shows. So
00:19:13.960English culture, as in culture in England at this time, was very interested in anything they saw
00:19:21.360as monstrous. So ambitious people could try to round up interesting people or
00:19:27.400quote unquote monsters to take on exhibit to get rich. So basically you would take somebody,
00:19:31.940someone who's very tall, or someone who's very short, or someone whose body hair situation was
00:19:36.720unusual. And you would take them to dinner parties, you would take them and put them on
00:19:41.240exhibitions, you'd make people pay to see this person, and you would make money as their agent,
00:19:46.740and the person would be probably horribly mistreated. So one year before Mary Toft's
00:19:51.520very significant miscarriage, a young boy known as Peter the Wild Boy had been very trendy to
00:19:59.260invite to your dinner party so he was a boy who you can google this peter the wild boy who had
00:20:03.860been basically found he was like feral i guess is the word people use he to us now might say was
00:20:11.820like severely autistic or something but basically he just acted in ways that people didn't expect
00:20:17.040boys to act and he would be taken around and people would pay money to see him so freak shows
00:20:22.900were also popular. And so the Toft family who remember they used to be pretty well off in their
00:20:30.680clothier business. Now they were less well off. They were like, this is it. This is how we're
00:20:34.740going to make our fortune. We're going to use our sister-in-law's horrible miscarriage situation to
00:20:40.900get rich quick. So the person who seems to have been the instigator of this whole scenario was
00:20:49.320Mary's mother-in-law, whose name was Anne Toft, and with an assist from Mary's sister-in-law,
00:20:56.880Anne's daughter, Margaret Toft. So Anne and Margaret are kind of the schemers here.
00:21:04.140Mary Toft is just sort of like their unwilling but necessary accomplice. So from Mary's statements,
00:21:10.740which is, it's really a treasure trove of just sort of seeing how she herself perceived what
00:21:16.220was happening to her and what she thought about what was happening to her etc she presents herself
00:21:20.540as not having been on board for any of this when we get to the details of what this is going to
00:21:26.340involve it's like yeah of course she was not involved like she didn't want to do this stuff
00:21:30.880but anyway so married had her miscarriage in two parts um and the object the quote-unquote object
00:21:38.560the size of her arm which is potentially this molar pregnancy this has all been disposed if it0.97
00:21:44.980wasn't around anymore. So Mary and Anne, or sorry, Margaret and Anne couldn't show it to people as
00:21:51.040like, look at this crazy monster that she gave birth to. So as, as they needed something to
00:21:58.300present as proof, what the Tufts did was they either killed a cat. My cat is here with me while
00:22:05.380I'm recording that. And I'm just like, she and I are just like, we're not into this. Hepburn,
00:22:10.440I'm sorry, there's going to be some weird cat stuff in this story. So put your hands over your
00:22:14.960cat's ears. So they either killed a cat or found a dead cat, removed its guts, and then put a dead
00:22:21.600eel. I guess they also found a dead eel or killed an eel. So they put a dead eel inside of a
00:22:27.580vivisected cat carcass, and then put this whole scenario up inside of Mary via her vagina. They1.00
00:22:36.320put this dead cat with eel inside into mary toft's vagina which is the name of the like canal inside1.00
00:22:47.280so mary herself would later claim that the cat parts have been inserted into her cervix and the0.94
00:22:54.740cervix is like the part at the top of the vagina that like opens but very rarely and only a little
00:23:01.420bit um and my my obstetrician slash gynecologist friend said basically like no like even after
00:23:07.460you've had a miscarriage or had a baby like the cervix like seals itself back up like chances are
00:23:11.980there was not cat parts inserted up literally into her cervix but that's what she thought had
00:23:18.440happened and it probably felt just as shitty as that happening anyway so here we have mary
00:23:25.240with a dead cat carcass with eel inside of it, inserted inside of her vegetal canal.1.00
00:23:32.300And so she pretends she's in labor. And then as you did then, because remember she'd had the
00:23:37.120miscarriage. So maybe people still thought she was pregnant or something. No one really0.57
00:23:41.220interested in gynecology back then, including the male doctors, but we'll get to them in a bit.
00:23:45.700So one of her neighbors came over to help. And the neighbor came over and was like, oh my God,
00:23:50.120she just gave birth to a cat monster eel. And so she went to get Anne Toft, the mother-in-law
00:23:57.840slash person who invented this whole situation, who is also some sort of midwife person or said
00:24:04.680she was a midwife person or something like that. They were gathering witnesses is basically what
00:24:10.740was happening. Anne Toft came over and she's like, oh my God, did my daughter just give birth to a
00:24:16.740cat carcass with an eel inside of it that's wild and so she took the uh quote-unquote monster
00:24:25.540to a surgeon slash midwife who lived nearby so he could tell them what was going on and the
00:24:31.600surgeon slash midwife is a man named john howard and to his credit he was like
00:24:38.940this seems unlikely like thank you so much for bringing me this um perhaps skinned0.99
00:24:46.740vivisected cat carcass with eel inside of it and saying that it came out of a woman's vagina. But0.99
00:24:52.140that is just like pretty hard for me to believe. But not just because that's like, of course,
00:24:56.620it's hard for him to believe. That's impossible. But his reasoning was like, there's not a head
00:25:00.180on this. And I guess they had cut the head off of the cat body. I'm just looking at my cat. It's
00:25:05.480like, you poor little cat ancestors. So anyway, he was like, if Mary had actually given birth to
00:25:11.860this monster, there would be a head on it, but there's not a head on this. Ergo, this woman0.98
00:25:16.300didn't give birth to this monster but he was like so i'll just come over the house and see what's
00:25:20.620going on because you know giving birth maybe the head is there i don't know what he was thinking
00:25:24.820this whole situation gets like super weird like even weirder so john howard came by and by the
00:25:33.100time he got there mary just happened to be going in quote unquote going into labor again um her
00:25:39.300mother-in-law and delivered more dead cat bits which i guess were from the same cat or a different
00:25:45.500cat like does it matter i don't know so john howard was like hmm like you witnessed this
00:25:52.080happening or he witnessed mary screaming and then someone being like look this cat just came out of
00:25:57.440her or whatever but there still wasn't a cat head or a cat tail and he's like great i see that she
00:26:04.560may have just given birth to this monster situation but again without a head i just can't get on board
00:26:11.040so somehow uh margaret and ann toft had lost track of the cat head and there wasn't another
00:26:19.400one nearby or whatever so they decided to go for rabbit bits because there were rabbits were easier0.99
00:26:25.440to come by than cats and so they just wanted to stuff some dead animal up inside of mary's vagina0.96
00:26:31.340because this whole thing is a nightmare so pause side note on rabbits in general which is just to0.90
00:26:41.580say that there was a lot of rabbits all over england at this time maybe they're still i don't
00:26:46.240know i don't live there but hundreds of years before so medieval lords like back in the day
00:26:51.620in the day medieval lords had built uh sort of little rabbit warrens to raise rabbits for meat
00:26:58.000and fur so the medieval lords could have the meat and the fur for their fancy medieval lord
00:27:02.820outfits and meals etc but rabbits cannot be tamed so they escaped from these enclosures and became
00:27:09.200basically pests to the working poor to lower status people to the farmers etc so just rabbits
00:27:16.020the whole peter rabbit situation the rabbits would come into people's farms eat all their lettuce
00:27:19.760etc so rabbits were all over the place making them the easiest thing for the tofts to acquire
00:27:27.480But also the rabbits had this sort of political implication as they're sort of seen as symbolic of the carelessness of the upper classes. So this is where the whole situation takes on a sort of political context that Margaret and Anne may or may not have consciously thought about, but that becomes part of the story as well, because this is just getting wilder.
00:27:49.880It's, I know we've already had an eel in a headless cat inside a woman's vagina and a
00:27:57.940doctor being like, but with no head did this happen, but this is going to get weirder.0.96
00:33:26.740Kingdoms were reduced to cinders, and armies scattered like bones in the dust.
00:33:32.160Now the survivors claw to what's left of a broken world, praying the darkness chooses someone else tonight.
00:33:39.700But in the shadow dark, the darkness always wins.
00:33:43.960This is old school adventuring at its most cruel.
00:33:47.200Your torch ticks down in real time, and when that flame dies, something else rises to finish the job.
00:33:53.380This is a brutal rules-light nightmare with a story that emerges organically based on the decisions that the characters make.
00:34:00.940This is what it felt like to play RPGs in the 80s, and man, it is so good to be back.
00:34:05.680Join the Glass Cannon podcast as we plunge into the shadow dark every Thursday night at 8 p.m. Eastern on youtube.com slash the glass cannon with the podcast version dropping the next day.
00:34:16.220See what everybody's talking about and join us in the dark.
00:34:41.260And we host I Think Not, a true crime comedy podcast covering some of the wildest stories from your favorite true crime campy TV shows all the way to Unsolved Mysteries.
00:34:51.980Baby, you will laugh. You will cry. You'll think about true crime in a whole new way.
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00:35:12.840So come and join us wherever you listen to your podcasts.
00:35:18.380Welcome to Mick Unplugged, the number one podcast for self-improvement and modern leadership.
00:35:23.840I'm Mick Hunt, your host, and I'm here to challenge your why and fuel your because.
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00:36:16.440and self-improvement. Let's get started.
00:36:19.200and we're back so the fact that she mary toft was having these rabbit parts put inside of her0.99
00:36:36.400vagina and then john howard repeatedly delivering them it's incredible she didn't die from this0.99
00:36:42.140which spoiler she doesn't so he was delivering the pointy claws of dead rabbits from her vagina0.99
00:36:50.080like so it wasn't like a whole rabbit all up all at once it was like parts at a time and so over0.96
00:36:56.220the course of like a day she would quote unquote deliver a whole rabbit with her mother and sister
00:37:02.580mother-in-law and sister-in-law the ones like helping to slide the bits up inside of her but0.99
00:37:07.400Mary was the one who had to like spread her legs and deliver these rabbit parts. So basically at0.94
00:37:14.660this point, John Howard was spending so much time with her and her like rabbit birth situation that0.72
00:37:20.720he entirely moved his entire medical practice so he could be with her 24 hours a day because one
00:37:26.380never knew when a new rabbit part might need to be delivered. And he was the doctor that delivered
00:37:30.640the rabbit babies. So by the end of November 1726, Mary Toft had given birth to, did you hear my
00:37:38.420little quotes? Quote unquote, given birth to 12 complete rabbits piece by piece from her vagina.0.99
00:37:47.960They, like the pieces were put up, the pieces were removed, 12 rabbits. So sometimes she had1.00
00:37:55.420to keep rabbit bits up inside of her for days or even weeks. So John Howard wouldn't see them
00:38:00.060being put inside. And again, the fact she didn't die of a blood infection is really speaks to the
00:38:06.480resiliency of her immune system. So while this was all going on, so John Howard was like, this is
00:38:12.180great. I'm the man who delivered the rabbits, but they weren't getting as famous as he wanted,
00:38:16.360or as the Tofts had obviously also wanted. Mary, again, I don't think this was what she wanted for
00:38:23.180herself, but she would get some of the money as well. Basically they're like, we just, how do we
00:38:27.260take this to the next level which is like oh my god like what is the next level of this so we'll
00:38:34.020find out so what happened is john howard wrote letters to every rich and important person he knew
00:38:38.500hoping for more publicity which would bring him more money and glory and to be prepared he pickled
00:38:44.000all the rabbit bits that he delivered um and he offered to like take his little jars of pickled
00:38:50.180rabbit bits he could bring them to your dinner party he could bring them to your soiree he could
00:38:56.180bring them to your medical lecture and he could talk about it. So basically he was blabbing about
00:39:00.460this so much that basically eventually a small notice came up in a newspaper in London saying
00:39:06.480like, hmm, this woman's been giving birth to rabbits. Like, isn't that weird? And that newspaper
00:39:11.920article gained the attention of some men who served the king. Some of the courtiers of the
00:39:19.960king at this time was King George I. And one of the people who noticed this or who heard about it
00:39:26.080from the newspaper article was the king's personal physician, which is a man named Nathaniel Saint
00:39:31.320Andre. And so now this takes this whole story takes its next mega twist moment, courtesy of
00:39:39.520the king and Saint Andre. So first of all, a note on King George the first. So he was the grand
00:39:45.860nephew. It's not the grandson, but the grand nephew of Queen Anne the first as played by
00:39:51.180Olivia Colman in The Favourite. So if you remember from The Favourite, also a movie with a lot of
00:39:56.020rabbits in it, also related to fertility. So the Queen Anne I had given birth to so many
00:40:03.480children and sadly, none of them survived childhood. She had a huge number of miscarriages
00:40:09.900as well. So basically she was the queen and no one knew who would inherit from her because she0.94
00:40:15.040did not have any surviving children. So basically because she died without any living heirs and she0.95
00:40:20.880was Protestant and nobody wanted a Catholic to inherit, they just sort of looked at her family
00:40:25.940tree to figure, like, who is the next closely related to her Protestant person? And that was
00:40:32.760George. So the thing about George is he was German, and he never learned how to speak English,1.00
00:40:40.280despite being the king of Britain. And he spent most of his reign, like, literally living0.64
00:40:45.580in Germany, not even in England. All of which to say, when it came time for George I to hire
00:40:54.080a personal physician to be his doctor in England, he was like, well, as long as the doctor speaks
00:40:59.100German, that's fine. So as his doctor, he chose Nathaniel St. Andre, who was from Switzerland,
00:41:06.040who spoke German, and who's also a terrible doctor slash even worse person slash. Okay,
00:41:14.740so we'll get into it. So Nathaniel St. Andre had a long history of odd behavior.
00:41:20.540if you there's not time in here to get into all the nathaniel saint andre of it but his story
00:41:26.480involves like wife stealing his story involves poisoning his story involves like was he even0.90
00:41:31.780really a doctor like he was just a messy bitch who lived for drama nathaniel saint andre so he0.95
00:41:38.000happened to find himself caught up in weird scandals a lot more than basically anybody else0.98
00:41:42.780because he loved scandal he loved drama and if there was a scandal happening he would like
00:41:48.140fling himself into the middle of it because he was desperate to keep his name in the newspapers
00:41:52.180as this like famous eccentric genius. So he just really wanted to be associated with anything
00:41:58.820dramatic. John Howard just wanted money basically. And Mary Toft is just like this person in the
00:42:06.860middle of all these other people's wild ambitions, which is such a common, I mean, not this story,0.82
00:42:11.620not the rabbit vagina situation of it all, but it's such a common thing of like a bunch of
00:42:17.700men are just really ambitious about something and they see a way to get power. And the way to do it0.97
00:42:22.820is just by using a woman, like to a different extent. This is sort of the story of the beginning0.89
00:42:29.660of Queen Elizabeth I's reign. But anyway, Mary Toft is having, I mean, she's suffering. She's
00:42:37.500physically suffering, like having rabbits pulled out of your vagina every day, having to put in1.00
00:42:45.260and then pull out the pointy bits. Like she just had a miscarriage. Like anyway, so she's just1.00
00:42:53.120like, she didn't want this. She didn't want this, but more and more people around her are just like
00:42:59.460counting on her to keep doing this so that they will get rich or more powerful or whatever.
00:43:06.160So basically the story of her rabbit births by now had gotten so locally famous that,
00:43:11.660you know, there wasn't paparazzi or whatever, but basically she couldn't stay in her little
00:43:15.180house that they were renting from the farmer who was also her boss. So she's moved to a bigger town.
00:43:21.200John Howard came along with her to live in this town where she just continued. And, you know,
00:43:25.840healthfully, her mother-in-law and sister-in-law came along too, so they could like procure rabbit1.00
00:43:31.300carcasses and shove them up inside of her. Actually, the person who was procuring the1.00
00:43:35.720rabbit carcasses was her husband, Joshua. Remember him from back before this story got so distressing?
00:43:42.500so he's basically running around buying dead baby rabbits from whatever i don't know rabbit
00:43:48.820vendors there are and he was not being discreet whatsoever like later the rabbit vendors would
00:43:54.560be like he would come up and say stuff like yeah i need to buy some rabbits for my wife like do
00:43:58.840you have any dead rabbits it'd be great if they were dead baby rabbits my wife needs dead baby1.00
00:44:05.140rabbits. No reason. So it was not a smooth operation. Ocean's 11, it is not. So Nathaniel1.00
00:44:13.560St. Andre was like, I'm into this. And so he swept up in town just in time to personally
00:44:19.560witness Mary's 15th rabbit birth. So Nathaniel St. Andre, horrible person, messy bitch who lived1.00
00:44:28.320for drama, technically the king's personal physician in England, but also just like,0.99
00:44:33.580also a terrible doctor so he personally helped her deliver one of these rabbits and then he ran
00:44:40.900off to autopsy it to see like what's going on you know like is this some sort of human fetus that
00:44:45.940looks like a rabbit like what's the deal and so it's at this point that one of the things he did
00:44:51.020was he took the lungs of the rabbit put them in water and they floated and the reason he did that
00:44:58.520was to see like if they floated that means that those lungs had breathed air and so the rabbit
00:45:03.460seemed to have been born dead but like if the lungs had air in them that means the rabbit at
00:45:09.240some point breathed which means it probably didn't grow inside of matoft's uterus but he was not
00:45:17.340ready to to debunk this he was there to support it basically so he just like didn't really get
00:45:24.180too concerned about that. Like, I guess there's just air inside of her uterus. Like, why not?0.71
00:45:28.480There's already rabbits growing there. So, and just after this autopsy, he went over,
00:45:33.120he was called back to her side again and witnessed the birth of another rabbit carcass. And so now
00:45:38.940he also, not just autopsying the rabbit bits, but he also examined her whole vaginal area,0.71
00:45:48.360did a little peeking around, seeing what's up. He's like, let's just see if there's any more
00:45:53.020rabbit parts hiding up inside here and he's like nope I don't see anything in there so I guess0.99
00:45:58.540I guess you're not secretly putting rabbit parts inside your vagina and then he left0.98
00:46:03.140but then he came back and he delivered another dead rabbit and he was like oh my god I looked0.99
00:46:08.520inside her vagina there's no rabbit parts there then she delivered a rabbit so like I am convinced0.96
00:46:14.120but also he went in there like ready to be convinced he didn't require much convincing0.97
00:46:19.220And then also later, like as much as one can love a detail in a story as profoundly fucked up as this story, I love this detail, which is in her later deposition, Mary explained that like when he looked up inside her vagina, there were rabbit parts there. There literally were. He just didn't know what he was doing or what he was looking at vis-a-vis a woman's vaginal canal.0.97
00:46:43.340so like he was just such a useless and unqualified doctor that he didn't notice0.99
00:46:47.320a rabbit carcass inside the vagina of a woman whose vagina he was inspecting to see if there's1.00
00:46:53.320a rabbit in it so basically poor her and nathaniel saint andre sucks and and guess what story gets0.99
00:47:02.120weirder so by now the king was kind of like even from germany was like what's going on this all0.95
00:47:09.560seems a little weird. And he was like, eh, I kind of know Nathaniel St. Andre, messy bitch who lives0.98
00:47:14.180for drama. So let's just like get like a objective third opinion on the situation. So he sent his1.00
00:47:22.740other personal physician who is named Syracius Ahlers. I'm going to call him Ahlers. Ahlers was
00:47:31.560the official royal doctor of the German royal family, which is the one that George cared more
00:47:35.920about so he chose like an actual good doctor for there allers was came into this whole thing thank
00:47:42.020god skeptical of the whole situation he showed up basically like mary toft i don't believe you've
00:47:48.340given birth to 15 rabbits prove me wrong so from moment one like he was not impressed with the
00:47:54.460whole clown car that was this whole scheme so for instance when he arrived he showed up and
00:47:59.940Nathaniel St. Andre was like, oh, look, this rabbit skin, she just gave birth to this.0.68
00:48:05.480You just missed it. And Ollers was like, I don't think so, because there's no blood or fluid on
00:48:12.100this rabbit skin whatsoever. There's literally no way this was just born out of either a human woman1.00
00:48:17.480or a female rabbit. Also, he was just like looking in the room. He's like, oh, and also Mary Toph
00:48:24.140doesn't look pregnant at all. I feel like she's literally wearing a corset right now. And she's1.00
00:48:29.120also walking around like holding her knees together like she's trying to make something0.98
00:48:32.560not fall out of her vagina so it's all just like a little suspicious and mary's like oh no i'm going0.64
00:48:39.100into labor and allers was like okay i'm gonna take care of this situation and despite him being
00:48:46.200skeptical which made me sort of side with him a little bit turns out he didn't know what he was
00:48:51.660doing at all vis-a-vis childbirth delivery he was a doctor but he was not a obstetrician nor was he
00:48:59.000gynecologist so he reached his hand up inside of mary to like help her give birth but what he did0.54
00:49:03.420is he accidentally shoved the rabbit higher up into her vagina which is just like oh so mary0.76
00:49:10.700screamed in probably absolute genuine pain and john howard was like i got this but so while john0.94
00:49:19.380howard john howard delivered the new rabbit carcass allers sneakily stole some of the rabbit
00:49:24.400bits and he like went off into his room and then even though he was supposed to stay in town for
00:49:29.980three more days he pretended that he had a headache and then he secretly left town with him0.97
00:49:34.900so again he shoved the rabbit further up the vagina but i like allers for his sneakiness here0.93
00:49:41.560so basically he just like crept out of town i picture him climbing out a window he probably0.84
00:49:45.500didn't but he might have so in london he took the rabbit bits and he did further testing where he
00:49:50.920found that A, the rabbits had had their muscles cut from their bones with sharp knives, not
00:49:56.900something that could have happened in utero. And B, the rabbits had pellets in their bums
00:50:02.560with corn and wheat and grass in them, meaning that the rabbits had eaten corn and wheat and
00:50:07.040grass, meaning they had not just been born. So similar to what Nathaniel St. Andre had found
00:50:12.060with the floating lungs, like these had been alive rabbits who were then killed and then put
00:50:17.260inside of Mary. Like they did not gestate inside of her. So he had absolute proof now, as much as
00:50:23.840one could have, you know, CSI 1726, he had proof that this was a hoax. So at this point, we picture
00:50:32.600Mary herself, just whatever the 18th century equivalent of holding frozen peas to your vulva
00:50:38.840would be, just like trying to make herself not hurt as much as she was obviously hurting both0.55
00:50:46.620psychologically and physically. But nobody else, nobody, nobody cared about her. Because what
00:50:52.600happened next is that Allers, John Howard and St. Andre have basically a dick swinging contest
00:50:57.720about which of them was the smartest doctor, which basically was all three men kept like one would0.92
00:51:02.420write a letter to the editors of the newspaper being like, Mary Toft is a hoaxer. And then one
00:51:06.460of them would write a letter being like, no, Allers is a hypocrite. And then one would write a letter0.99
00:51:10.160being like, Nathaniel St. Andre is a messy bitch who lives for drama. And like Nathaniel St. Andre1.00
00:51:13.660probably sent that one so just a war of words but not even about her just between them about like
00:51:19.700who's the smartest and best doctor throughout all of this and toft kept shoving rabbit bits into her
00:51:25.120daughter-in-law john howard kept delivering them and finally just to settle this all the king
00:51:31.000commanded an obstetrician like thank god named sir richard manningham like sir like he was a knight
00:51:39.060like he was such a trusted obstetrician he was a knight of it to go and visit mary toft and figure0.58
00:51:44.040out literally what the fuck was going on sir richard manningham goes to see mary and he's like0.99
00:51:50.460so i don't see a rabbit inside her vagina her cervix seems closed as per usual for a person0.99
00:51:59.380not actively giving birth to anything um but then just after he left the room john howard was like0.81
00:52:05.020oh, I just, just after you left, look, she gave birth to these membranes. I guess you must not
00:52:10.680have noticed them when you were examining her. And Manningham looked at the membranes, which were
00:52:15.700clearly bits of a bladder from a pig that smelled like pig urine. And he was like,0.90
00:52:21.780I think this is a pig's bladder. Can you bring me like a pig's bladder to compare it to? And then0.99
00:52:28.380someone did that because there's a pig's bladder around. I don't know. And he's like, yeah, this0.78
00:52:34.000is clearly a pig's bladder uh this is hashtag a hoax and mary just started crying like honestly0.64
00:52:40.920of course she did and so the men the man doctors all agreed to bring mary back to london for1.00
00:52:48.380further examinations which like can't we just not have any more hands on her vagina ever again1.00
00:52:55.960apparently not so on to london now at this point what happens is saint andre wanted her next rabbit0.99
00:53:05.680birth to happen publicly like in a theater you know like those theaters like in um what's called
00:53:10.900the nick is that what it's called the show but like the oldie time doctors where you like or
00:53:15.040like in frankenstein and stuff where like a doctor's in the middle of an auditorium and there's
00:53:18.460all medical students watching so saint andre wanted her to do that with everybody watching
00:53:23.600so that he could get fame and glory but what happened when they got to london is mary was
00:53:29.480for the first time no one thought of this before was put under basically around the clock surveillance0.99
00:53:34.160so there's no opportunity for anyone to bring her a rabbit to put inside of her vagina
00:53:38.060so she didn't go into birth so she couldn't have it happen in auditorium anyway but also just like1.00
00:53:44.980i hope she just like went in the room whatever it was like a jail room a hotel room and just like
00:53:50.160squeezed her legs together and just was grateful that her in-laws weren't there to do this to her0.99
00:53:56.320again but she was also at this point legitimately sick because obviously because no kidding because0.99
00:54:02.980she probably had like a thousand various internal infections from all the hands they probably had0.77
00:54:09.260gross pointy nails also the rabbit bits the skulls like of course she was sick basically she started0.99
00:54:16.400having fits and the doctors were like oh these fits kind of look like she's going into labor but
00:54:19.980they were probably involuntary convulsions from various serious infections she was having and then
00:54:25.600a man was caught trying to smuggle a dead rabbit into her room and he when he was caught they were
00:54:31.580like why are you delivering this rabbit into her room and he was like because her sister-in-law
00:54:35.400margaret paid me to do that and the jig was up because he was not good at rabbit sneaking
00:54:42.220margaret toft the sister-in-law was brought in for questioning and she was like okay yes1.00
00:54:46.420i hired that guy to sneak the dead rabbit into mary toff's room but not for vagina reasons it1.00
00:54:52.560was because she likes to eat rabbits it was a special treat for her to eat a raw rabbit and1.00
00:54:58.940they were like sure so then they went to talk to mary and she was like yes if that's what she said
00:55:05.540then that's true the rabbit was just for me to eat so for two days they interrogated mary trying
00:55:10.780to get her to admit to the hoax and she wouldn't give in and she wouldn't give in because of family
00:55:15.280loyalty and like I don't know delusional blood infection brain but eventually Manningham was
00:55:23.180like okay so if this is true if you gave birth to whatever it is at this point 17 rabbits that0.99
00:55:28.500means that there's something really fucked up inside of your like innards so we just need to0.99
00:55:33.720like literally vivisect you now like cut you open in a surgical manner and look at your insides0.99
00:55:39.320and mary was like okay please don't do that it's a hoax so december 7th 1726 mary dictated her
00:55:49.540confession and this is where we got a lot of the information from about the whole scenario because
00:55:54.920she came clean so the first first round confession version one she claimed that she'd met a strange1.00
00:56:01.720woman on the road who had suggested that she should put rabbits in her vaginas pretend to1.00
00:56:06.320give birth to them because that would be a way for her to never want as long as you live like aka1.00
00:56:11.640would make her rich and they're like really a strange woman on the road told you this and then
00:56:16.440you just did it like that's okay like a little unbelievable and mary toft was like okay version
00:56:23.100two it wasn't a strange woman on the road it was in fact my in-law's idea it was my mother-in-law
00:56:29.320and my sister-in-law and she also said that john howard was in on the scheme as well and she was
00:56:33.760steadfast in all of her confessions and she herself was innocent in all of this. She didn't
00:56:38.240want to do this. Like who, who would ever have wanted to do this? Of course she didn't want to
00:56:42.260do this. So she was basically blaming other people, which is like, you know, people might
00:56:46.100do that when they confess, but for her, it's like, I believe her based on every reason in the world.
00:56:52.280But based on this confession, Mary was officially charged with a crime of being a notorious and
00:56:58.880vile cheat which was a crime back then in that place in time so she was put into prison and
00:57:06.480crowds would like mob outside just like desperate to see the rabbit queen and during this time
00:57:12.440period she had a portrait painted of herself which is like people like mary toft like aside1.00
00:57:18.940from the whole rabbit vagina scenario like she would have never probably had a portrait painted1.00
00:57:24.080so it's kind of this is where it's like well-behaved women don't make history like we1.00
00:57:27.700heard about Mary Toff because of this scheme. She only really got her portrait done because of this0.99
00:57:31.600scheme. And so from that, we kind of see what she looks like, which is just sort of like a pleasant
00:57:35.840looking person. Of course, in the portrait, he painted her holding an alive rabbit in her lap
00:57:40.820because, you know, that's what the crowds would have wanted to see or whatever. So she was only
00:57:46.260in jail for three months. She was discharged mostly because the crime of being a notorious
00:57:50.820and a vile cheat isn't easy to prosecute because it's kind of not a thing. But during the three
00:57:56.700months in jail, her health issues improved, partially because she wasn't having dead animal1.00
00:58:00.680bits and unwashed men's hands forced into her vagina on a daily basis. So feeling better,0.99
00:58:06.880bounced back. She returned back to her husband and her two children and her in-laws, which must
00:58:11.980have been so awkward because they are nightmare, horrible people, and got her in the situation in
00:58:18.180the first place. And about a year after, Mary Toft, now age 26, although it feels like she's
00:58:25.320aged 100 years in this experience. She gave birth to another daughter who she named Elizabeth.
00:58:32.200From then on, writers and newspapers and like, you know, cartoonists and things would still
00:58:36.780continue to bring up the story, especially because of the whole rabbit political angle.
00:58:40.120But Mary herself fades from public record almost entirely until she died in 1763.
00:58:48.420So when she died, her husband had died first because the parish register
00:58:52.160recorded her as Mary Toft, widow. They noted after her name as well, that she was the imposterous0.99
00:58:59.220rabbit breeder. And although poor women from where she grew up weren't ever written about1.00
00:59:06.200in London newspapers when they died, her obituary was actually published in the London newspapers0.95
00:59:10.500alongside those of aristocrats because she was still so famous for this whole fucked up situation.0.64
00:59:17.780So a couple of things I want to mention.0.87
00:59:20.460First of all, there's a new biography coming out of Mary Toft.
00:59:25.680It's called The Imposterous Rabbit Breeder.
00:59:27.700It's coming out in early 2020 and it's written by a researcher, historian named Karen Harvey.
00:59:34.220And the thing that I'm really excited about with this book is that she's really making
00:59:37.340the book about Mary Toft, not about all the men and doctors who were around her.
00:59:42.120In researching this whole situation, there was a really great essay by the author of this book, Karen Harvey, that I read. All of my references are all put a link to them in the show notes. But basically, I'm really excited to read this book. Karen Harvey's point of view is really compelling. And she really puts a really person first spin on a story that's become sort of a myth at this point.
01:00:06.520also just came out i haven't read it yet but there's a fiction historical fiction novel
01:00:11.240written by dexter palmer called mary toft or the rabbit queen which seems like the main characters
01:00:17.440in it are the men doctors and there's certainly a lot of drama to be cleaned from imagining what
01:00:23.140they were up to i read a lot of things to research this i'll put the research notes um i'll link to
01:00:29.100those in the post i won't say them all out but just know that there's a lot of interesting stuff
01:00:34.320out there discussing this topic including um the lore podcast episode number 45 first impressions
01:00:41.440which talks a bit about the myth around this whole situation and now it's the part in every
01:00:48.380episode of vulgar history where we score this and this is a weird one because it's like mary toft
01:00:54.900i feel i've read about her a lot and i feel like i know her and i feel like she didn't want this
01:01:00.520she wasn't like if we were scoring nathaniel saint andre like he would get whatever high scores
01:01:06.660because he was all about the scheminess but mary toft i feel like was not in it for herself so
01:01:13.380the first category is a scandalousness and this is where even though she didn't she may or may
01:01:19.360not have wanted to do this like like whatever it wound up being i think 17 rabbits like giving1.00
01:01:27.920birthed them from her vagina the like months long conspiracy of it it got up to the king1.00
01:01:32.700she was sent to jail like the scandalousness is pretty high here i think i'm going to give her1.00
01:01:40.580a seven for scandalousness partially because she didn't do it on purpose like it wasn't necessarily0.93
01:01:48.360her idea but it's just i mean it's a juicy juicy scandal her scheminess her personal scheminess i0.58
01:01:55.280think was not super high which is to her credit really again we're not scoring her in-laws for
01:02:01.440them much higher score because they were the ones who came up with this but that being said
01:02:05.360mary toft stuck with it she pretended to give birth to all these things she stuck to her story
01:02:10.320she didn't give up for for two days of questioning i'm gonna give her a scheminess of four the next
01:02:17.160category is the significance which is like had you heard of her before this i'm guessing for a lot of
01:02:24.020you not because it's not a super famous story even if you've heard about the woman who gave0.94
01:02:30.940birth to rabbits you may not know her name the significance of it she didn't like it fucked up0.53
01:02:37.560the career of nathaniel saint andre but like that would have happened anyway because that was just0.55
01:02:41.540how he lived his life the significance i'm gonna give her the significance i mean i'm gonna give
01:02:50.100two two for significance because you know it's being revisited we're talking about it here it's
01:02:55.220not it's more significant than if it hadn't have happened but it didn't change the course of world
01:03:00.000history the final category is where we give her bonus points based on how much sexism played a1.00
01:03:05.620part in this situation and i'm going to give her an eight for that because she was i could even go1.00
01:03:13.640higher because she was so helpless in this situation like her in-laws like regardless0.95
01:03:20.460of fact they were women doing this to her like she was stuck in a situation where she was so
01:03:25.500helpless when the male doctors came in like she had no say in anything that was going on she was1.00
01:03:30.720just a victim of everybody oh you know what no i'm going to give her a seven a seven for sexism0.96
01:03:36.760So it gives her a total of 14, 16, 18, 19, 20. This gives her a score of 20, which is tied with0.99
01:03:46.080Caroline of Brunswick, which I think is respectable, but they're tied with the smallest
01:03:52.080amount right now, the two of them. So yeah, that was, I think, officially the most fucked up story0.99
01:03:58.780I've told on this podcast yet. So I do want to reiterate that in 2020, a biography of Mary Toft0.90
01:04:10.780and this whole situation came out called The Imposterous Rabbit Breeder, Mary Toft and 18th
01:04:14.740Century England by Karen Harvey. And I based my research for this episode on some articles Karen
01:04:20.620Harvey had written, and she's kind of like, she's the Mary Toft person. She's the expert. So to read
01:04:25.640more about this to learn more about the story i really recommend that book god it's just like yay
01:04:30.900welcome to a new year mary toft that's how we roll here on vulgar history so i want to remind
01:04:36.620you of just a couple of things i always remind you of which is first of all like minty sent me
01:04:40.240that message i do always appreciate hearing from you and you can message me my dms are open on
01:04:44.660instagram at vulgar history pod there's also a contact me form at vulgar history.com or you can
01:04:49.880email me directly at vulgarhistorypod at gmail.com if you want to get merch. I don't have Mary Toft
01:04:55.960merch at the moment, although I have been slowly, I had the merch store, which is kind of like
01:05:00.700designs I had made. And then I switched where the merch store is. And now I've been paying
01:05:06.160human artists to make beautiful merchandise for the show. And I really, I'm happy with how that's
01:05:14.560going. And I'm kind of slowly adding back some of the designs from before. There used to be a
01:05:18.780picture of mary toft and it said fuck everything and i feel like that's a vibe i feel often so0.87
01:05:26.020maybe you know that's the sort of thing let me know do you want mary toft merch again let me0.92
01:05:30.160know by messaging me but the merch that we do have is available at vulgarhistory.com store0.89
01:05:34.340or if you're outside the u.s the shipping is a bit better if you go to vulgarhistory.redbubble.com
01:05:39.960you can also support the podcast on patreon at patreon.com and foster writer where for one dollar
01:05:45.640a month you get early ad free access to all episodes and for five dollars or more a month
01:05:50.900you get early ad free access to episodes as well as bonus episodes of vulgar peace theater so this
01:05:56.060asshole the after show and also people the five dollars or more a month get access or i guess
01:06:00.900exclusive invitations into the salon the vulgar history salon which is our discord group chat
01:06:07.140which is just a fun place to talk with taste of brigade members you can get transcripts of recent
01:06:11.760episodes at vulgarhistory.com. You just click on the episode. And then if the transcript is ready,
01:06:17.020it'll, you just scroll down and it's right there. And thank you so much to Aveline Malek from the
01:06:20.820wordery who provides these transcripts and she's working newest episodes backwards. So if you want
01:06:26.820to see the transcript to an episode from 2021, probably not there yet, but it will be eventually.
01:06:31.740Anyway, thank you so much for being listeners of this podcast. I'll be back at you next week
01:06:36.260with one last blast from the past episode until we,