00:00:08.600and I hope you've had a chance to check out the absolutely wildly incredible list of prizes and offerings this year.
00:00:15.680With this episode, I wanted to introduce you to one of the people behind the organization we choose to support each year,
00:00:21.740Maguset, Executive Director of the Native Women's Shelter of Montreal.
00:00:25.340and in particular the powerful journey she and so many others are undertaking right now
00:00:30.960to bring truth-telling and reckoning to the eyes of the world.
00:00:35.440Nagusette is helping to bring a case before the Permanent People's Tribunal
00:00:38.540to indict Canada for genocide and crimes against humanity0.86
00:00:44.060for the residential school system, forced sterilizations,
00:00:47.560and the many ongoing violences committed against Indigenous peoples by the Canadian state.
00:00:52.360In this conversation, she speaks about searching for a place where these truths, the 700 pages of evidence, can finally be heard clearly about the labor of carrying testimony and about the call to gather witnesses across borders and communities.
00:01:09.400If you are moved by Naguset's monumental labor of love, please consider donating directly to the Native Women's Shelter of Montreal.
00:01:19.380And send us your receipt to witchreparations at gmail.com to be entered in the draw for prizes.
00:02:04.340We've been fundraising for a couple of years.
00:02:06.600in the background cheering watching you on stage so it's really great to meet you often in our
00:02:14.380podcast we start by asking folks to introduce themselves as you are today with the sort of
00:02:22.120alan watts caveat that you're not obliged to be the person you were five minutes ago
00:02:26.880just exactly who you are right now and welcome am i right now i'm a bundle of nerves
00:02:34.500but i have my secret goat oh good what does the goat do
00:02:40.740it's great though yes i'll bring him to the ppt so that is what we do all day long every time we
00:02:50.160try to move forward and then we have to take you know a step back and then yeah move forward again
00:02:56.640so the goat is very helpful is it helpful because it screams yes okay i don't have to
00:03:04.080for me. People say, how are you? And I just, you know, just screaming. And yeah, and it makes
00:03:13.300people laugh. So you have to laugh sometimes because it's overwhelming the amount of work
00:03:17.500that we do. I mean, I run a shelter. And, you know, it's a large organization with so many
00:03:23.760projects, plus resilience Montreal, plus we're doing renovations here, and the PPT.
00:03:30.340so let's just do an international tribunal yeah down from rome and look at you know evidence on
00:03:39.660crimes against humanity and genocide i mean this is what i want to know about first and foremost
00:03:44.600is the permanent people's tribunal what does this act of memory mean how does it change things
00:03:53.180what is it like for you to carry that forward? How did it start?
00:03:58.880Well, how it started, you know, as an Indigenous person, my mother went to residential school,
00:04:03.420right? And because of that, I was adopted through the 60s scoop. So I didn't really get to know my
00:04:08.360mother very well, but residential school destroyed her. And she had a whole bunch of kids. She had0.99
00:04:16.520like seven children and all of us were placed in foster homes or, you know, I was the only one who
00:04:22.440was adopted out and upon meeting my mom she didn't want to talk about residential school right so you
00:04:28.220lose this whole like culture and you know it's almost like a legacy of pain and I know when the0.98
00:04:37.320TRCs were here in Montreal I went and I brought my my child who was I don't know about five or six
00:04:43.800and it is common knowledge about the mass graves right however when Kamloops had their discovery1.00
00:04:54.160that they shared with everyone there was an outcry and it is devastating but a lot of indigenous
00:05:02.140people are like we've been telling you did you read the DRCs we have been telling you
00:05:07.900And then a month later, it happened again in Saskatchewan, right? And I'm from Saskatchewan. So how does that affect me, knowing that, you know, these could be my relatives, right?
00:05:24.360so i think that um the filmmaker alethea arnak barrell who has done a whole bunch of documentaries
00:05:34.980plus now she's working on that cbc of the north i think it's called like television series so
00:05:42.320she said during the announcements right she's like when do we get our own nuremberg trial
00:05:48.560I was like oh that's genius I love that yes so since then I've been trying to figure out how do
00:05:55.200we get our own nerve root trial and I went to like the Jewish community and I spoke to them0.99
00:05:59.500how did you do it do you know of someone and like the conversations had some interest but nothing
00:06:06.660actually happened and sometimes I go and I speak at different synagogues right as a Jewish Indian
00:06:14.260you know at synagogues and I asked them are there any lawyers here that can help me just
00:06:19.900make me like a roadmap I'll do the work just somebody tell me how to do this because I feel
00:06:25.640like we need that we need to have some kind of accountability anyway years go by and I was
00:06:31.880invited to Amnesty International during the COP 15 and the woman who was running Amnesty who was
00:06:38.280based in Paris, came to Montreal, met with me. And I think Melissa Mullen-Dupri was there and
00:06:43.800Ellen Gabriel. And she's asking different questions because she was going to speak.
00:06:48.020She was going to bring up Indigenous issues when she went to the COP15. So she was pulling us for
00:06:52.780ideas. And when she got to me, I was like, why don't you help me? I'm like, what is the closest
00:06:59.960thing that we can get to a Nuremberg trial? And she's like a permanent people's tribunal and
00:07:06.140they're based in Rome. I'm like, great, let's do it. Let's do that. And I remember, you know,
00:07:12.520like Melissa Mullen Dupree was there and she said, but now, aren't you tired? Yeah, I'm exhausted.
00:07:20.080But if we don't do it, who's going to do it? We're all tired. We all, you know, so we got to find a
00:07:26.260way. And the first thing that we needed to do was send an email for a conversation with the
00:07:32.920Permanent People's Tribunal, who are based in Rome. And we met with them. And we explained,
00:07:40.240you know, that we feel like, you know, the Canadian government has committed crimes against
00:07:43.960humanity and genocide against indigenous people. And they're like, Yeah, we agree. So come on down.
00:07:53.400And that was, like, over two years ago, like, it's a really long process to get this going.
00:08:00.040so we had many conversations with the ppt we had to do our research so i reached out to another
00:08:06.820person named jasmine who's a lawyer who did a ppt on murder journalists a couple of years ago
00:08:13.660and she was so helpful like she gave me so much information we had many conversations with her
00:08:20.560like you know like how did it help you which we look out for like how does it work so we started
00:08:27.660to, you know, collect information. And then I started to get funding for it because I needed
00:08:32.600to build a team. So I'm not a lawyer, right? So back in the day, I was a witness, I don't know,
00:08:41.140they asked me to testify at Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women's Inquiry in Calgary. And my
00:08:47.000lawyer was Krista Bikunu. So I testified for a couple of days. And she sat right next to me and
00:08:53.740she had to meet with me and talk and sort of find out what it is the content that I was going to be
00:08:59.180sharing so I thought of her and it's funny because I called a whole bunch of different
00:09:04.720lawyers and they're like ah no screaming goat they're like wow wow no so and the same thing
00:09:14.180for funding you know who's gonna fund you right so I reached up to Krista I'm like remember me
00:09:19.880she's like yes and i told her what i was doing and i'm like you know would you be interested in0.98
00:09:26.100in prosecuting and she was like i will so that was huge because her whole organization aboriginal
00:09:34.060legal services is doing this and krista is right so she was able to find five other indigenous
00:09:43.480lawyers across Canada to help her write the indictment and in Montreal we also had a team
00:09:52.040with Eloise who is one of our lawyers who's an international human rights lawyer and she works
00:09:59.120or at the time she worked at UCAM and Eric Sullivan who works at the University of Laval
00:10:04.880and he's already done a PPT because there have been two in Canada so he did one I'm like yes
00:10:10.520Let's go with people who know what they're doing, because I don't know what I'm doing.
00:10:15.900So we would have meetings regularly and start discussing what does it look like.
00:10:20.680So we needed the Indigenous lawyers to talk to the international human rights lawyers to make sure that the formatting of the indictment works.
00:10:29.020So the thing is that with the Permanent People's Tribunal, they have six different types of crimes.
00:10:35.720So one is crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, ecological crimes, economic crimes, and systemic crimes.
00:10:45.380So we looked at this list, and it felt like we could fit into so many.
00:10:50.920But at the end of the day, the lawyers decided we would go with crimes of genocide and crimes against humanity.
00:10:56.860Genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy in whole or in part a selected group on a discriminatory criteria, such as killing members of the group, causing bodily causing serious bodily or mental harm to a member of the group, deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part.
00:11:26.160imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group and forcibly transferring
00:11:32.540children of the group to another group. So this is why we're going with genocide.0.83
00:11:38.240When we do crimes against humanity are those crimes whose gravity implies a direct attack
00:11:43.620against humanity. Crimes against humanity means any of the following when committed as a part of
00:11:49.000a widespread or systemic attack directed at any civilian population. So it includes murder,
00:11:56.160extermination, enslavement, deportation or forcible transfer of population,
00:12:03.520imprisonment or other severe deprivation of physical liberty in violation of fundamental
00:12:09.220rules of international law, torture, rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution,
00:12:16.040forced pregnancy, enforced sterilization or any other form of sexual violence of comparable
00:12:21.740gravity. Persecution against any identifiable group or collectivity grounded on discriminatory
00:12:29.020reasons enforce disappearances of persons and the crime of heart attack. So for the last two years,
00:12:37.460we have pulled in over 2000 pieces of evidence and we're working with an organization called
00:12:43.600No History. No History was recommended to us by Kimberly Murray, who used to be the
00:12:50.520a special interlocutor on missing children in mass graves. So all the team has been working
00:12:58.620with Know History, getting all these different sort of, we call them tabs, because there's so
00:13:05.120many, and getting information so that we can present this to the judges. And, you know, it's
00:13:11.440something like 750 pages that were sent to the judges and to the PPT, so they can start looking
00:13:18.080through it however when they come down to montreal how we're going to be displaying
00:13:25.140or or sharing information is by having different panels like if i don't think the actual schedule
00:13:34.060is online yet i think it's going to happen this week there's so much to talk about i'm sorry
00:13:39.700so i'm in the process of trying to get a permit right now
00:13:42.860for a sacred fire i got the whole team together but what a funny ironic thing to have to get a
00:13:50.160permit for a sacred fire either way we're gonna do it right yeah but you still have to sort of
00:13:58.620follow the rules so we'll open with that and then what was really great was that jeremy dutcher he
00:14:04.100did a fundraiser for us yeah and he will open for the ppt so we'll start with the sacred fire with
00:14:10.860kevin deer you know giving the prayers and then it will be maybe like a six minute walk uh back
00:14:17.440to daphne art center and uh that's where we're going to hold the proceedings most of the time
00:14:23.320it's held in a court and i don't like the look i don't want to be in a court like it's so
00:14:28.300institutional daphne art center is an indigenous art gallery that is beautiful and they agreed like
00:14:37.800it's lovely to talk to people and they're like yes I'll do it like Jeremy yes he'll do it
00:14:44.280same thing with Aboriginal Legal Services so that's really helpful because you know I need
00:14:50.240as many people to help me right and the way that we want to do this is I want the space to feel
00:14:58.480comfortable and it's a beautiful location we can't physically put everyone in the space
00:15:04.640so we are live streaming it and the Europeans are really interested in what we're doing it'll be
00:15:11.360across Canada and then it will also be each day will be saved and eventually it will put it on a
00:15:17.000platform so people can watch it if they don't have a chance to but in a way we are like you know
00:15:21.900creating history like recreating history it's really really difficult because um like we fight
00:15:29.340all the time with the government. And we have like a really great way of presenting evidence
00:15:36.600with people who are knowledgeable. We are only presenting evidence that has already been
00:15:44.880substantiated. There are times when people are saying we think that there may be a mass grave
00:15:50.180here or there. We're not bringing that into the deliberations. We have to go with the facts.
00:15:56.200Jeremy is going to open and then the PPT is going to do their own speech.
00:16:02.120And then they're going to read the indictment.
00:16:03.780So we served Canada about two weeks ago.